A Study Of The Effects Of Orthognathic Surgery On The Quality Of Life And Facial Aesthetics

Objective:To evaluate the quality of life of patients with dentomaxilofaical deformities before and after orthognathic surgery from multiple dimensions using FACE-Q scale and OQLQ scale.Methods:Fifty-two patients were included in this study.They underwent orthognathic surgery at the Department of Oral Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery,Hospital of Stomatology,Jilin University from June 2020 to October 2021.Among them,18 were male and 34 were female;the age range was from 17 to 34 years,with a mean age of 22 years.Preoperative surveys were conducted on all patients and clinical data were collected:39 patients with Class III deformities,6 patients with Class II deformities,7 patients with Class I defromities accompanied with deviated jaws or bimaxillary protrusion;47 patients underwent combined orthodontic and orthognathic treatment,and 5 patients underwent surgical-first protocol.The OQLQ scale and the related scales of FACE-Q were selected and distributed to patients for quality of life assessment at four checkpoints:preoperative（T₀）,immediate postoperative（T_E）,short-term postoperative（T₁）and long-term postoperative（T₂）.All scales were distributed and collected through the We Chat public platform.The above data were collected and collated to analyze the effect of orthognathic surgery on the quality of survival and facial aesthetics of patients with dental and maxillofacial malformations in each relevant dimension.P<0.05 indicates statistical significance.Results:（1）Orthognathic surgery significantly improved patients’social ability,psychological function,facial aesthetics,and overall quality of life（p<0.001）.There were no significant differences between the gender and age subgroups in the preoperative status and postoperative changes.In the deformity subgroup and the treatment protocol subgroup,differences were observed in the degree of preoperative status and postoperative changes in oral function and facial aesthetics（p<0.05）.Class II patients had the greatest improvement in oral function-related quality of life after orthognathic surgery.Patients with surgery-first treatment showed no significant improvements in social competence and oral function in the short term postoperatively and significant improvements in the long term postoperatively.（2）Patient satisfaction with the outcome and the decision of orthognathic surgery was high（74.17±16.83,76.22±17.68）,and the adverse effects of surgery decreased significantly during the postoperative recovery.The most common symptom in the early stage of recovery was swelling,followed by numbness.Conclusion:（1）Orthognathic surgery improved patients’facial aesthetics significantly,with no significant differences in the degree of improvement in the three subdivisions of the face.（2）Class Ⅱ patients had relatively low quality of life in terms of oral function and the greatest amount of postoperative improvement after orthognathic surgery.The improvement in oral functional and social aspects in the short-term postoperative period for surgery-first patients was not significant,while the long-term postoperative improvement remained significant as the results of the surgery were further stabilized.（3）Patients’satisfaction with the results of orthognathic surgery was high.The negative effects of surgery decreased significantly with postoperative recovery.