Research On The Image Characteristics Of Posterior Fundus Autofluorescence In High Myopia

Objective:This research uses the confocal scanning laser ophthalmoscope（c SLO）,to obtain high myopia（HM）patients’fundus autofluorescence（FAF）image,explore the FAF image characteristics of high myopia patients,and analyze changes in the structure and function of the retinal pigment epithelium（RPE）.We explore the relationship between the autofluorescence changes in HM patients and the characteristics of myopia in each group,and evaluate the value of FAF monitoring HM patients’fundus lesions.Methods:This study is an observation research.109 patients（189 eyes）of HM were included in this study from December 2019 to December 2021,at the Ophthalmology Department of the Second Hospital of Jilin University.All research objects are checked by the slit-lamp microscope,color fundus photography（CFP）,and FAF.Record their Spherical equivalent（SE）and best corrected visual acuity（BCVA）.Use optical coherent scanning vascular imaging examination to record their foveal retinal thickness（FRT）and subfoveal choroidal thickness（SFCT）.The research objects are divided into atrophy group,neovascularization group,and traction group.Record the characteristics of autofluorescence changes in each group,and discover the condition of myopia characteristics of different autofluorescence types,such as age,SE,BCVA,FRT,SFCT,and the course of disease.All data are processed by the software named IBM SPSS Statistics 26.When p<0.05,it indicates that the difference is statistically significant.Result:1.The autofluorescence of all the parapapillary atrophy can appear abnormal hypo-autofluorescence.Among them peripapillary chorioretinal atrophy（PCA）can appear autofluorescence with irregular signal intensity.Compare three groups of the parapapillary atrophy types,and the difference is significant statistically（χ~2=30.09,p<0.001）.Compared to the other two groups,the proportion of PCA in the eyes of the atrophy group is the least（p<0.05）.2.The atrophy group has a total of 114 eyes.The four autofluorescence types of high myopia atrophy macular lesions are distributed as follows:70 eyes have no obvious abnormal autofluorescence;21 eyes are mixed autofluorescence;16 eyes are patchy hypo-autofluorescence;7 eyes are hypo-autofluorescence in foveal.The four autofluorescence types of the atrophy group are closely related to the myopia characteristics.The SE of the hypo-autofluorescence in foveal group is larger than the no obvious abnormal autofluorescence group and the mixed autofluorescence group（p<0.001）;The SE of the hypo-autofluorescence in foveal group is larger than the patchy hypo-autofluorescence group（p<0.01）.Compared with the other three groups,the hypo-autofluorescence in foveal group’s BCVA is the worst respectively（p<0.001）;The BCVA of no obvious abnormal autofluorescence group is better than the patchy hypo-autofluorescence group and the mixed autofluorescence group（p<0.01）.Compared with the other three groups,hypo-autofluorescence in foveal group has the lowest FRT（p<0.001）.Compared with the other three groups,the no obvious abnormal autofluorescence group has the thickest SFCT（p<0.001）.3.The neovascularization group has a total of 50 eyes.The three autofluorescence types of myopia choroidal neovascularization（m CNV）are distributed as follows:22 eyes are hyper-autofluorescence;18 eyes are mixed autofluorescence.15 eyes are hypo-autofluorescence in the large range of clear boundary.The three autofluorescence types of m CNV are closely related to the myopia characteristics.Hyper-autofluorescence group’s BCVA is significantly better than the large hypo-autofluorescence group（p<0.001）;The SFCT of the large hypo-autofluorescence group is obviously lower than the other two groups（p<0.001）,and the course of the disease is obviously longer than the other two groups（p<0.001）.4.The traction group has a total of 20 eyes.The three autofluorescence types of high myopia traction macular lesions are distributed as follows:10 eyes are hypo-autofluorescence;4 eyes are hyper-autofluorescence;6 eyes are mixed autofluorescence.There is no obvious connection between different autofluorescence types and myopia characteristics.Conclusions:1.Posterior fundus autofluorescence in high myopia has a variety of performance types,including no obvious abnormal fluorescence,abnormal hypo-autofluorescence,abnormal hyper-autofluorescence,and abnormal mixed autofluorescence.They can reflect the morphological changes and functional metabolism of RPE.2.The four autofluorescence types of high myopia atrophic macular disease have close relationships with age,SE,BCVA,FRT and SFCT.3.The three autofluorescence types of m CNV are closely related to the course of disease,BCVA and SFCT.4.Fundus autofluorescence technology can monitor the fundus of high myopia and provide reference value for the condition evaluation.