Study On Equity And Influencing Factors Of Health Resource Allocation In Sichuan Province

With the transformation of the main social contradictions in China and the impact of the 2019 covid-19 pneumonia,people gradually put forward higher requirements for the quality of health services in the country.As an important material basis of health services,the fairness of health resource allocation determines the quality of health services in China,as well as the quality of medical services.Over the years,China has had the problem of unfair allocation of health resources,and the fairness of the allocation of health resources in the west is the worst in the East,middle and West.As a province with large economic development and population in the western region,Sichuan Province has the obligation to improve the fairness of health resource allocation.Firstly,thesis clearly defines the definition of health resource allocation and health resource allocation equity,and makes it clear that health resources mainly include health human,material and financial resources,and have the characteristics of limitation and publicity.They are the resources that determine the health level of all mankind.Therefore,health resources must be allocated fairly,so this leads to the equity theory of thesis.China’s social equity theory points out that to ensure the equalization of medical and health service allocation,the premise is to realize the fairness of health resource allocation.As for how to measure the fairness of health resource allocation,up to now,Gini coefficient and Theil index are the most commonly used methods.Theil index can not only evaluate the overall fairness of health resource allocation as Gini coefficient,but also analyze the fairness within and between regions in a region.Thesis also uses these two evaluation methods to evaluate the fairness of health human,material and financial resources in Sichuan Province.The evaluation results show that the fairness of the three types of health resources based on population allocation in Sichuan Province is very good,and the Gini coefficient has been below 0.2 over the years.Specifically,the fairness of health human resources has maintained a good state of fairness in the past five years,and the fairness is still improving rapidly in 2019;The fairness of health material and financial resources will remain relatively stable before 2019,and the decline will be more obvious in 2019;The inequity of the allocation of three types of health resources within the five economic zones is greater than that between regions.Secondly,after clarifying the fairness of health resource allocation in Sichuan Province,it is necessary to clarify the main body of health resource allocation,further find out the reasons for the change of health resource fairness,and put forward targeted countermeasures and suggestions to solve it.Through combing a large number of documents,it is found that the fair allocation of health resources must have government intervention,which leads to another theoretical base of thesis-government intervention theory.This theory provide an important reference for thesis to analyze the influencing factors affecting the allocation of health resources and countermeasures.Based on the study of government intervention theory,thesis also refers to a large number of literature on the influencing factors of health resource allocation,and summarizes the influencing factors of health human,material and financial resources into economic factors,social factors and institutional factors.In order to further clarify which factors affect the allocation of health resources in Sichuan Province,thesis makes a panel data regression analysis on the above influencing factors,and finally comes to the conclusion that the level of regional economic development,the change of regional population density and the government financial intervention are the most important factors affecting the fair allocation of health resources.Finally,in order to further improve the fairness of the allocation of health resources in Sichuan Province,combined with the government intervention theory,thesis puts forward to reduce the diferences in regional economic development（including continuing to reduce the differences between regions and paying attention to reducing the differences within regions）,improve the regional health planning,Pay attention to the impact brought by the change of population density（including improving the supply capacity of health services in Chengdu in the short term and balancing the population spatial layout of Sichuan Province in the long term）and strengthen the financial intervention of local governments（including optimizing the financial expenditure structure,increasing the expenditure in the field of medical and health and improving the government’s health financial transfer payment system）.