| Objective To understand the current status of self-neglect and its influencing factors among the elderly in urban communities in Anhui Province,explore its impact on the quality of life of the elderly,and propose coping strategies and measures according to the results,in order to effectively prevent and intervene in the self-neglect of the elderly and improve the quality of life of the elderly;In the context of relatively scarce social pension resources,we should dig deep into self-support resources and develop the human capital of the elderly in order to achieve active and healthy aging.Methods The subjects of this study were elderly people who lived in urban communities in Anhui Province and were ≥ 60 years old.In the early stage,the research plan was determined through literature research,and a questionnaire for self-neglect was initially designed.The Delphi method was used to rationally delete the questionnaire items;The three cities of Fuyang in northern Anhui,Hefei in central Anhui,and Tongling in southern Anhui were used as research sites.From August2020 to May 2021,the investigators used the finalized "Self-neglect-related Questionnaire for the Elderly in Urban Communities in Anhui",social support scale,MMSE scale,ADL volume Form,GDS-15,SF-36 to investigate.After the end of the later survey,the questionnaires were counted,coded,and double-entered data using Epidata3.1,and the data were analyzed using SPSS23.0 statistical software.Results（1）Basic information: A total of 1,070 questionnaires were distributed,1,040 were valid responses,and the valid response rate was 97.19%.（1）Sociodemographic characteristics: aged between 60 and 95 years old,with an average age of（71.45±7.52）years old;among them,439（42.2%）were male and 601（57.8%）were female;the level of education was primary school and below.Mainly（55.9%）;641（61.6%）people with self-assessed poor health;593（57.0%）people with life satisfaction.（2）Prevalence of chronic diseases: 748（71.9%）people suffer from chronic diseases,of which 45.4% suffer from only one chronic disease,33.3% suffer from two chronic diseases,and 21.3% suffer from three or more chronic diseases;the prevalence of hypertension is the highest,followed by Cardiovascular disease,diabetes,cerebrovascular disease.（3）Obtaining social support: The total score of social support of the elderly is（25.85±5.57）,the score of subjective support is（12.45±4.07）,the score of objective support is（4.13 ± 2.19）,and the score of support utilization is（9.26±1.93）)Minute.（4）Cognitive function: 79.0% of patients with mild MMSE,18.5% of patients with moderate MMSE,and 2.5% of patients with severe MMSE.（5）Self-care ability: There were 519（49.9%）people with mild disability and 278（26.7%）people with severe disability.（6）Depression: 445（42.78%）people had depression.（2）Self-neglect status and influencing factors: The total score of self-neglect was（67.22±11.21）;the average score of social interaction dimension item（2.53±0.62）was the highest,and the average score of living environment item（1.36±0.32）was the lowest.Multiple linear regression analysis showed that the older the age,the higher the life satisfaction,the more severe the degree of disability,the depression,and the male elderly,the more serious the self-neglect;the lower the education level,disposable income,BMI,and social support,Self-neglect is more serious in the elderly.（3）Quality of life status and influencing factors: The average score of PCS was（66.40±19.17）points,and the average score of MCS was（69.98±12.82）points.There is still much room for improvement in the quality of life of the elderly.Multiple linear regression analysis showed that in addition to lower levels of social support and cognitive function,older adults with more severe self-neglect had lower PCS and MCS scores and poorer quality of life.Conclusion The self-neglect of the elderly in urban communities in Anhui Province is more serious,but its symptoms are difficult to detect;among the four dimensions,the living environment dimension is in good condition,but the social interaction of the elderly needs further strengthening and attention;community workers and health care Providers should focus on older adults,females,low disposable income and education,low BMI,low life satisfaction,lower levels of social support,and severe disability and depression,and proactively prevent and intervene in geriatric self-neglect;The overall quality of life of the elderly is average,and the elderly have good social function but lack of energy,and it is difficult to continue socializing for a long time;in addition,there is a negative correlation between self-neglect and quality of life,and the more serious the self-neglect,the worse the quality of life of the elderly;hygiene Health-care providers should provide more support and attention to older adults with low social support,severe cognitive impairment,and high levels of self-neglect. |
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