A Study On The Factors Influencing The Quality Of Parent-Child Interaction Among Children Aged 0-3 Years In Urban Lanzhou

Objective: To assess the quality of parent-child interaction among children aged0-3 years in urban areas of Lanzhou City based on the Parent-Child Interaction Scale,and then analyze the relationship between the general sociological information of children and parents,family parenting style and parents’ depression level and the quality of parent-child interaction,to provide reliable data support and theoretical basis for parent-child interaction level research,and to propose some suggestions for improving the quality of parent-child interaction based on the analysis results.Methods: From October 2020 to February 2021,the Parent-Child Interaction Scale and the Family Parenting Questionnaire were measured and investigated in 722 pairs of children aged 0-3 years and their parents randomly selected from all districts of Lanzhou City who met the inclusion criteria.Descriptive statistical analysis,Spearman correlation test,ANOVA,and multiple linear regression were used to analyze the correlation between children’s and parents’ general sociological information,family parenting style and level of depression of participating parents and the total score and each subscale score of the Parent-Child Interaction Scale.Results:1.The results of the univariate correlation analysis showed that the factors that were significantly correlated（p<0.05）with the scores on the parent-child interaction education scale were: age of the child（in months）,age and education level of the parents,total annual household income,housing area,whether or not they had a private car,how often the parents played with the child,how often they read to the child,how often they went to the park or outdoors with the child,how often they criticized and taught the child,how often friends and relatives looked after the The factors that were significantly correlated（p<0.05）with the scores on the Parent-Child Interaction Feeding Scale were:child’s age（months）and birth weight,parent’s and spouse’s age and weight.)and birth weight,age of parents and spouse,parental education,total annual household income,frequency of parents playing with children,frequency of cell phone use while accompanying children,frequency of cell phone use while accompanying children to sleep,degree of perceived failure of spouse to fulfill parental responsibilities,degree of dislike of leaving children,degree of easily missing children,and level of parental depression.2.The results of multiple linear regression showed that the significant predictors（p<0.05）of the Parent-Child Interaction Education Scale scores were: age of the child（in months）,parental literacy,frequency of parents playing with the child,frequency of reading to the child,frequency of going to the park or outdoors with the child,frequency of criticizing and teaching the child,frequency of using a cell phone while accompanying the child,frequency of using electronic devices when the child cries,parents’ dislike of leaving the child The significant predictors of parent-child interaction feeding scale scores（p<0.05）were: child’s age（months）and birth weight,parent’s age and education,frequency of parental play with child,frequency of cell phone use while sleeping with child,ease of missing child,and level of parental depression.Parental depression level.Conclusions:1.With regard to parents’ and children’s personal basic factors,children’s age（months of age）was the primary factor affecting the quality of parent-child interaction,and the older the children’s age（months of age）the higher the quality of parent-child interaction;in addition,the higher the parents’ education level,the older the parents,and the better the family’s economic level the higher the quality of parent-child interaction.2.In terms of family parenting style,the more often parents read to their children,go to the park or outdoors with their children,and play with their children,the higher the quality of parent-child interaction;the more often parents criticize and teach their children,and the more often parents use electronic devices when their children cry,the higher the quality of parent-child interaction;the less parents like to leave their children,and the more they miss holding or hugging their children when they leave them,the higher the quality of parent-child interaction.The more parents do not like to leave their children,the more they miss holding or hugging their children when they are away from them,the higher the quality of parent-child interaction;the lower the frequency of family and friends taking care of children,the frequency of parents using cell phones when accompanying their children,the frequency of cell phones when accompanying their children to sleep,the degree to which parents worry about their children easily,the degree to which parents think their children are difficult to adapt to the care of others,and the degree to which parents think their spouses are not doing their parental responsibilities,the higher the quality of parent-child interaction.3.The lower the level of parental depression the higher the quality of parent-child interaction.