Commentary On Zhuang Shuzu’s Shangshu Studies

Zhuang Shuzu,who was born in Wujin county,the nephew of Zhuang Cunyu and the uncle of Liu Fenglu.These three people are representatives of the three generations of the Changzhou Zhuang family in the medium term of the Qing Dynasty,important figures in the early stage of the Changzhou School.Changzhou School takes the governance of Confucian classics,in modern script as the core purport,which is generally recognized by the academic circle,but Zhuang Shuzu did not have a special writing in Spring and Autumn annals.For such a transitional academic figure,who had close academic relations with Zhuang Cunyu and Liu Fenglu,but had no writings in the Spring and autumn annals,the academic community paid less attention than the other two,and about his academic connotation and academic status,the interpretation is still weak.Some scholars have proposed that although Zhuang Shuzu did not study the Spring and autumn annals,he still intended to inherit and develop Zhuang Cunyu’s research results in his studies of Xia xiaozheng,Shangshu,which further influenced Liu Fenglu’s writings.Therefore,in order to find out the relationship between Zhuang Shuzu’s learning and the Changzhou School,we need to break away from the research paradigm of limiting Changzhou’s learning to the study of Gongyang,and to expand the scope of study to other academic contents such as the study of Shangshu,Poetry,and Rite.In order to find out the link between these Zhuang family scholars and academic content outside the studies of the Spring and autumn annals,how does it relate to the development of Changzhou School and what is the effect of Zhuang Shuzu on these links,we studied and discussed Zhuang Shuzu’s writing on Shangshu.Among his books on Shangshu,Shuxushuoyi is the most representative and can reflect many aspects of problems,we also selected the book as the central material of this paper.On the base of preliminary carding and basic grasping related opinions and research progress,we took an in-depth study of Zhuang Shuzu’s Shuxushuoyi,and a comprehensive understanding of other Shangshu’s academic works,such as Shangshujinguwenjijie and Shangshuji,we carried out our research and discussion from the following three parts.In first part,we mainly discussed the background and motivation of Zhuang Shuzu to write this book.Our investigation of the background can be divided into internal part and external part.The external content is about the influence of the style of study and the family academic paradigm in the Qianjia era where Zhuang Shuzu lived,while the internal is the various choices and personal encounters.We have found the reasons why Zhuang Shuzu started to study Shuxushuoyi and other Shangshu,in the collision of the interior and exterior reasons.On the one hand,as a professional scholar who was transferred from the official position,he intended to integrate into the textual research style of Qianjia.On the other hand,he was deeply influenced by the special view of Shuxu,created by Zhuang Cunyu.He intended to further expand the ideological content of home study by textual research on Shuxu.In second part,I mainly discussed the content and characteristics of Shuxushuoyi by Zhuang Shuzu.In order to explain the research content of Shuxu,this paper divided it into two aspects,Confucian classics and History.On the one hand,we analyzed how Shuzu proved it was written by Confucius" by studying and distinguishing different schools of thought.We found that Zhuang shuzu’s dialectical process was deeply influenced by Zhuang Cunyu and his viewpoints.He usually started from the meaning of the preconceived idea that the Shuxu was written by Confucius,and then went back to the same conclusion,which is a subjective textual criticism based on the content of meaning.On the other hand,from examine historical category,we examines how the book discusses the topics,such as Zhougong did not overlord,and Tianming theory(the mandate of Heaven),and Wangdao(the benevolent government),summarizes the ideas behind these topics.In terms of its research characteristics,on the whole,the book has three prominent features,synthesizing the discuss and textual criticism,basing on the Shuxu and compromising the Five Confusion Classics,summarring the rules,and he emphasized the impotence of referring in Shangshu’s studying,all of which reveals the Gongyang annals’ festures.The third part,we mainly take a comparative study of Liu Fenglu,another important figure of Changzhou school.We focuses on the re-examination of Zhuang shuzu’s academic status in Changzhou school.We have took many comparisons between him and Zhuang Cunyu.In this part,we compared Zhuang Shuzu with Liu Fenglu’s academic thought to perfect the two key chains of the study.For Zhuang Shuzu’s Shuxushuoyi and Liu Fenglu’s Shuxushuwen,most scholars of the previous generation sought only for their similarities,except differences.In view of this fact,we focuses on the analysis of the differences of their studies in Shuxu.We sorted out how Liu Fenglu supplements the form of Shuxushuoyi in the field of Shangshu to promote the learning of Shangshu study to a higher academic level,which further clarify the modern and ancient Jiafa(family law in explainning the classics),and unified Shangshu through Gongyang’s"knowledge of regulations""Zhang Santong""Tong Sanshi".As the first Influential people of Changzhou school described by Liang Qichao,Liu Fenglu’s influence on Changzhou school,can be seen not only in his Spring and autumn annals,but also in his Shangshu learning.Last,according to the above research content,on the basis of the richer and deeper understanding of Zhuang Shuzu’s Shangshu annals,we discussed the value of Zhuang Shuzu’s study of Shangshu from the perspective of Changzhou School,such as we further stress importance of link between the preceding and the following of Zhuang Chunyu and Liu Fenglu,as an important part in the academic inheritance of Changzhou school.For another example,we discusses the inspiration of Zhuang Shuzu’s study of Shangshu to the academic history of Changzhou school.With the study of Shangshu as the clue,it can also go through the academic chain from Zhuang Cunyu and Zhuang Shuzu,to Liu Fenglu,and finally to Wei Yuan and Kang Youwei,which shows that the study of Shangshu in Zhuang’s family is also one of the auxiliary carriers that cannot be neglected in the academic history inheritance of Changzhou school.