| With the global economic integration,the upgrading of world industrial structure and the transfer of international industries,trade in services has developed rapidly,and has become an important part of international trade,such as international trade in goods and technology.According to statistics from the United Nations database,from 1980 to 2017,the scale of world trade in services increased from 843.432 billion US dollars to 1053.865 billion US dollars,with an average annual growth rate of 7.1%,which exceeded the average annual growth rate of goods trade(6.05%)in the same period.Service trade has become a new driving force to promote world economic growth.Many developing countries and even developed countries want to develop trade in services.From the cultural point of view,the service trade between countries and regions is based on language.If people in different countries use different languages,they will not understand each other because of the great differences between languages.Therefore,the development of the world common language has an impact on the trade between countries and regions.As a new research method,complex networks Abstract A large number of real and complex systems,and judge the characteristics of networks by statistical distribution of network important relational variables,clustering coefficient and average distance,so as to study the overall situation and individual characteristics of the object.Based on the research method of complex networks,this paper establishes a common language network,an international service trade network and a labor-intensive,knowledge-intensive and capital-intensive network in WIODcountries and regions,based on the network nodes,network edges,network density,cluster analysis,average and average intensity,and centrality analysis of network relationship variables.Centralized and subdivided service trade network,the overall characteristics and structural indicators of each network are analyzed,and the status quo of the world common language and international service trade is obtained and explained.One is the analysis of the common language network,which concludes that:(1)there are two polarizations in the common language of the world.Countries that have a common language also have a common language with many other countries.Countries that do not have a common language only have their own language.(2)Geographical proximity and historical colonization may be the main reasons for the existence of common languages among countries.(3)Countries with common languages are basically developed countries.(4)Some countries and countries have common official languages,but residents do not use the same spoken language;while some countries do not have common official languages,but residents use common everyday languages.(5)There are more common official languages among countries than common everyday languages.The second is to analyze the service trade network and draw the following conclusions:(1)The network presents a "core-edge" structure.(2)Trade in services among countries is becoming more and more closely linked,and more and more countries are participating in three types of sub-service trade.(3)Developed countries rank among the top countries in the world in the development of trade in services.(4)The development degree,development scope and compactness of import and export of labor-intensive services are lower than the corresponding indicators of capital-intensive and knowledge-intensive services,but their trade imports are the largest.(5)National knowledge-intensive trade in services is the most developed.Based on the perspective of complex networks,this paper uses QAP regression analysis method to empirically study the impact of world common language on international trade in services.Taking the world common language asthe main explanatory variable and other explanatory variables such as economic scale,population distance and geographical distance,this paper makes a QAP regression analysis of the overall trade in services and sub-trade in services in each year(2000-2014).It concludes that:(1)the world common language always promotes the overall trade in services and sub-trade in services,and with the passage of time,promotes the overall trade in services and sub-trade in services.The progressive role is becoming more and more obvious;(2)the common daily language has played a significant role in promoting international trade in services earlier than the common official language;(3)the world common language has played a greater role in promoting knowledge-intensive trade in services than in capital-intensive trade in services and labor-intensive trade in services.According to the conclusion of QAP regression analysis,this paper puts forward relevant policy suggestions for developing international trade in services.Firstly,in order to expand the scope of trade in services,countries at the core of the network can develop trade in services with countries at the edge of the network;at the same time,countries at the edge of the network can also develop trade in services with countries at the edge of the same position.Secondly,at present,labor-intensive trade in services among countries is underdeveloped,and governments can vigorously develop labor-intensive trade in services with other countries.Thirdly,because geographical proximity may be the main reason for the formation of a common language,a country and its neighbours are more likely to form a common language,which can be achieved by carrying out cultural exchanges with foreign countries and introducing relevant foreign policies,so as to promote international trade in services between the two countries.Fourthly,in order to promote the development of trade in services,governments of various countries and regions can choose a market with common language when they are looking for a market for trade in services.Fifthly,China should enrich its common world language and export Chinese to other countries to develop national trade in services. |
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