A Historical And Realistic Investigation Of The Influence Of Psychology On The Reform Of Basic Education In The United States

The field of education is one of the earliest and most successful applied fields of psychology.By investigating and analyzing the relationship between psychological research and the American basic education reform and its influence on the educational reform in Japan and China,the inner logic between psychology and educational reform is explored,and it provides reference for the development of basic education in China.The United States is the country with the most developed psychological research.Therefore,a review of the development of psychology in the United States and its historical track with educational reform will provide us with meaningful development clues to explore the relationship between psychological development and educational reform.An overview of the important role played by American psychology in educational reform and its characteristics is helpful to broaden our horizon,grasp the important position of psychology in educational practice,and provide reliable reference and thinking for the research and development of psychology in China and the practice of educational reform.In terms of content arrangement,this paper selects the history and achievements of psychology and education reform in the United States,Japan and China as the main content to summarize.Firstly,the contents of American psychology and education reform process starting from the 20th century are classified according to different periods.The first chapter discusses the three educational reforms led by American psychologists in the early 20th century,namely Dewey and progressive movement,hall’s children’s center movement and thorndike’s educational science movement.The second chapter focuses on the content and influence of bruner’s structural curriculum reform movement from 1950s to 1960s in the United States.The third chapter,freeze in the United States in the 1980s～1990s education reform upsurge,take the Kentucky education reform law as an example to the psychologists in the state education reform participation in detail.In the fourth chapter,the author discusses the new changes of education reform in the United States since the new millennium and discusses the contribution of psychology to the reform of American college entrance examination system by taking sternberg as an example.Chapter five summarizes and evaluates the influence of American psychology on education.The sixth chapter discusses the development and influence of Japanese educational psychology and school psychology in the two great educational reform upsurge afrer the war.The new changes of Japanese psychology in education reform and school reform,especially the reform of mental health system in primary and secondary schools under the recent education reform.Chapter seven,with the development of quality-oriented education since China’s reform and opening up,summarizes the achievements of psychological discipline and psychologists in the reform of education and teaching in psychology.Chapter eight summarizes the achievements of psychology in educational reform in China,and discusses how to better play the leading role of psychology in the process of educational reform in China by combining the achievements and experience of psychology in educational reform in the United States and Japan.Finally,it provides four ideas and Suggestions on how psychology can promote the development of quality education in China:1.Draw lessons from successful experience and strengthen the talent training and system construction of school mental health in China;2.Explore training programs to promote the professional development of psychology in China;3.Based on the new demand of education,to promote the realistic turn of psychological research in China;4.Give play to organizational advantages and actively strengthen the theoretical research of psychology in China and the applied research in education.