Research On The Synergetic Development Of Film Industry In The Mainland And Hong Kong SAR From The Perspective Of Network Embeddedness

The rapid development of the Chinese film industry is inseparable from the frequent cooperation and interaction between the Mainland and Hong Kong SAR based on "co-production." The network interaction based on the division of value chain is the carrier of the film industry in the two places.Without the analysis of the embedded characteristics of the industry network,it is impossible to further explore the interaction and development of the film industry between the Mainland and Hong Kong.Therefore,from the perspective of network embeddedness,this paper takes 641 co-production films between 1958 and 2018 as samples,it is divided into 6 stages according to the co-production process.Then,based on the division of value chain,industry networks of co-production films between the Mainland and Hong Kong are constructed,using social network analysis to describe their topological structure,spatial structure and evolution process,analyze the interaction between the Mainland and the Hong Kong film industry embedded in it.On this basis,an efficiency-added model is established to measure the level and ability of synergetic development between the Mainland and Hong Kong based on co-productions and to further discuss its influencing factors.The results show that:(1)The evolution characteristics of network embeddedness in the Mainland and Hong Kong:①In terms of network scale and network density,the network scale at the city level has increased nearly 16 times,and the network density has decreased by 1/2;the network scale at the enterprise level has surged by more than 70 times,and the network density has dropped to 1/7 of the initial stage,with the same trend at the city and enterprise levels,but the change range at the enterprise level is more obvious.In terms of network connectivity,due to the larger network scale at the enterprise level,the connectivity at the city level increased faster,and the connectivity at the city and enterprise level increased 17 times and 5 times respectively.②In terms of network pattern,the industry network at the city level basically shows a dual core edge structure of " a main core and a sub-core".With the deepening of the interaction,the main core node is transformed from Hong Kong to Beijing;the industry network at the enterprise level presents a multi-core edge structure.With the passage of time,the core node has gradually changed from state-owned enterprises to state-owned enterprises and private enterprises.③In terms of the distribution of network power,the Gini coefficient of the distribution of network power at the city level rises from 0.63 to 0.89;the Gini coefficient of the distribution of network power at the enterprise level ranges from 0.4 to 0.59,which fluctuates slightly but is more stable as a whole.④As for the characteristics of network connection,the nodes at the level of city and enterprise are gradually opening up.Among them,the nodes at the city level tend to be highly open in geographical space.Hong Kong has shifted from focusing on building links with Beijing,Shanghai and Guangzhou to interacting with more professional film cities.The nodes at the enterprise level are shown as the opening of cooperation methods,and the division of labor and cooperation has shifted from the original horizontal link of single capital to the complex cooperation of the entire value chain.(2)Characteristics of industrial synergy:In terms of synergetic level,nearly 30%of the positive synergy occurs between mainland cities and Hong Kong.Among them,Beijing-Hong Kong,Shanghai-Hong Kong and Tianj in-Hong Kong have the highest frequency in the strong synergetic group;In terms of synergetic ability,both the senior cities and the junior cities have the opportunity to be the synergetic centers.Among them,Beijing,Hong Kong,Shanghai and Tianjin are always positive synergetic nodes,and their synergetic ability has been improved.However,Guangzhou has shown a U-shaped trend of decreasing first and then increasing due to the lack of talents,the small number of enterprises and achievements involved in co-productions.Wuxi,Hangzhou and Jinhua,as the rising stars,are the inverted U-shaped trend of increasing first and then decreasing,while Shenzhen is the n-shaped trend.These four cities focus on participating in film production or providing shooting sites,which shows that the advantages of such a single participation mode are gradually lost.(3)Influencing factors of synergetic development:According to the results of regression and instrumental variable test,when there is a certain gap in the control ability of resources between the two cities,it is conducive to promotion of the synergetic level;the control ability of each city has a positive impact on the city synergetic ability,and the film participation structure has an intermediary effect between city power and synergetic ability.Finally,the implementation suggestions are discussed based on the above conclusions.