From Popular Literature To People’s Literature

One of the most important achievements in the construction of literary theory in the twentieth century was "popularization of literature and art." Its discussions continued from the 1930 s to the 1940 s.The speech at the Yan’an Forum on Literature and Art in 1942 was the end point of the discussion.In this context,the "popularization" that emphasized the writer’s enlightenment to the public and the "popularization" of the writer’s transformation to the public were derived.In this context,Guo Moruo actively accepted the proletarian theory and gradually changed from a romantic literati to a realistic writer.Participate in popular discussions.First of all,in the 1930 s,Guo Moruo participated in popular discussion as an elite intellectual,and his "popularization" thought was in the same vein as the May 4th Enlightenment thought.During this period he created what he considered popular literature and art,but the spirit of the May Fourth Enlightenment remained unchanged."One Hand" and its literary theory still contain the thoughts of the masses at the bottom of the Enlightenment,which is a "top mass" from top to bottom.Secondly,during the Anti-Japanese War,Guo Moruo got closer to the people and created a new type of intellectuals and the masses in heroes and followers mode in works such as Qu Yuan.In the close and united relationship,the spirit and action of the two are unchanged in their spirit and action.This is still a continuation of the idea of "populating the masses",and this model runs through the entire Anti-Japanese War.The same is true of literary theory.However,this state changed after Liu Baiyu and He Qifang conveyed the spirit of the "speech" to Guo Moruo in 1944,and then the literary and artistic theory appeared a "popular" attitude to learn from the people.At this point,literary works and literary and artistic theory showed imbalance.This imbalance was apparently caused by the Speech,but combing the spread of the Speech shows that it was known to Guo’s as early as 1942,which is not the reason for the mutation.In the end,this state of contradiction is actually a reflection of Guo Moruo’s complex thoughts and hidden psychology.First,Guo Moruo and Mao Zedong have different understandings of the specific content of "the right to have power".Second,even under the influence of the "speech" and reality,the enlightenment thought in the form of "massification" is Guo Moruo’s insistence on intellectual positions,but " "The 300 th Anniversary of Jiashen" also reflects his secret psychology of worrying about being abandoned by the revolution again.Therefore,this persistence is an undercurrent.Even after the founding of the People’s Republic of China,it can still be seen in his theory of literature and art.Being sensitive in Chongqing,even if it supports the Communist Party and its literary and artistic policies in the heart,due to the pressure of the Kuomintang,it can only express it in a low-key and implicit manner.