Research On Yunnan’s Disaster And Social Governance During The Years Of Xianfeng And Tongzhi In The Qing Dynasty

In the yeasr of Xianfeng and Tongzhi was a special transition period in the history of Yunnan.The shortage of mineral resources,the decline of mining,and a series of other social problems broke out,and social conflicts occurred one after another.The problems of agriculture,deserted warehouses,disrepair of warehouses,social turmoil,unfavourable water conservancy,rampant plague,rampant population,and death caused by disasters and wars have caused earth-shaking changes in Yunnan society.Behind these problems,more people’s lives 1.Changes in livelihoods.This article is a systematic study of the famine and social governance issues in Yunnan in the same year of Qingxian.The research content of this article mainly includes three parts: first,it analyzes the famine background and overall situation of Yunnan under the Xian Tongbing Qing Dynasty,discusses the implementation of the famine policy system in the context of war,and summarizes the national and local disaster response Experiences and lessons;second;on the basis of the practice of disaster relief mechanism in the same year in Yunnan in the Qing Dynasty,further investigate the wartime changes and effects of the disaster relief model of the Qing government and the people,and summarize the development trend of disasters in Yunnan And social impact;third;taking the famine and social governance of Yunnan under the Qing dynasty soldiers as the research center,through the social governance of the central government in Yunnan during the same year of the Qing dynasty,to investigate the characteristics and measures of the famine policies under the war Effectiveness,to explore the feasibility and effectiveness of the Qing Dynasty’s central government’s social governance practices in the southwest border area during the war.The thesis is divided into six chapters.The first chapter is from the perspective of famine history,analyzing the natural background and social background of the famine in Yunnanduring the years of Xianfeng and Tongzhi;the second chapter is analyzing the natural disasters in Yunnan during the years of Xianfeng and Tongzhi.The plague in Yunnan during the Xian period,the severe floods during the nine and ten years of Tongzhi,and the meteorological and geological disasters that were prominent in Yunnan during the Xian period;The impact of the military disaster on society is discussed;Chapter 4 discusses the response of the Yunnan disaster during the years of Xianfeng and Tongzhi from the central to local officials,as well as various regimes,gentry and businessmen,the army and ordinary people;The aftermath governance measures,including agricultural relief and recovery;the rectification and recovery of industry and commerce;the restoration and reconstruction of cultural and educational undertakings;Chapter VI summarizes the characteristics,effectiveness,and limitations of the governance of Yunnan’s famine society during the years of Xianfeng and Tongzhi.In the peaceful years,after disasters occurred,the government often carried out a series of disaster relief measures including relief,exemption,and delayed expeditions to alleviate the disasters according to disaster relief procedures such as disaster reporting,surveying,household inspection,and relief.In the context of the war,from the central government to the local government,they are caught in the mud of war.The government is still overwhelmed by itself,not to mention the relief to the victims.The famine in Yunnan during the year was different from other historical periods.