The Role Of Superiors And Facial Expressions In Social Feedback Attentional Capture

Focusing on those stimuli that can predict rewards is critical to an individual’s survival and development.When visual stimuli are associated with external,tangible rewards(food or money),these stimuli have high attention priority and automatically capture attention.However,in humans and other primates,many behaviors are not directly motivated by such external rewards,but rather social feedback resulting from the execution of these behaviors.Studies have found that when stimuli are associate with social feedback(emotional expressions),these stimuli also have the advantage of attention,and negative social feedback produces a greater magnitude of attention bias than positive social feedback.Previous research has shown that social feedback regulates individual behaviors and the impact of stimuli associated with social feedback on attention.For those factors that modulate the personal relevance of social feedback,such as between observers and individuals who provide feedback,The relationship will affect the attention bias formed by subsequent social feedback.Studies have found that influential social superiors have an impact on the cognitive processing of individuals,and in eastern culture,social superiors are regarded as a social threat.So if social feedback comes from an influential superior,what effect does it have on attention bias? According to previous research,negative social feedback is often associated with punishment.Parents and educators often take negative social feedback to try to prevent some behaviors.Then,when these negative social feedback comes from teachers,will individuals be prevented from irrelevant distractors?This study uses the training-test paradigm to examine the interaction of identity cognition and facial expression in social feedback attention capture.Experiment 1 examines the role of identity factors in positive social feedback(happy expression)in the formation of attention capture.During the training phase,the two colors(red / green)are separately associated with the happy expression and the neutral expression.The expressions in the training phase are divided into : Expressions of strangers,virtual teachers(light on teachers ’cognition),and real teachers(deep on teachers’ cognition)expressions.At the test phase,we investigated the effects of color stimuli that are associated with social feedback on attention.The results found that: under the condition of positive social feedback,when thought the emotional face is from a teacher,showa a greater magnitude of attentional capture,and it is found that even low-value distractor can also capture attention,but only when the participates had a deeper understanding of the teacher’s identity;Experiment 2 examines the role of superiors in the capture of negative social feedback(anger),and it is found that under negative social feedback,even when the cognition degree of the participates to the teacher was light,they also showed a greater magnitude of attentional capture to value distractors.However,by comparing the Fear of negative evaluation scale score with the negative social feedback attentional capture score,it is found that the attentional capture of value distractors is modulated by individual differences,and this phenomenon only occurs under the condition of high-negative distractor of teacher status,That is,individuals who are more sensitive to negative evaluations appear to have lower attentional capture score,showing stronger attention suppression to value distractors.