Study On The Caricature Elements In Chinese Figure Paintings From Late Ming To Mid-Qing Dynasty

Compared with flower-and-bird painting and landscape painting,figure painting can more directly reflect the real life of human society,so the caricature elements contain more and more concentrated.From the end of Ming Dynasty to the middle of Qing Dynasty,Chinese freehand brushwork reached its climax.Freehand brushwork is expressive,symbolic and sometimes ironic,which happens to be an important feature of caricature.The harmonious relationship between Chinese traditional freehand brushwork painting and caricature determines that the character painting from the late Ming Dynasty to the middle Qing Dynasty must have strong caricature.During the Ming and Qing Dynasties,although the revolution of the Qing Dynasty led to the change of dynasties,economic decline,and certain setbacks and suppression of art and market,on the whole,it continued the modernity of the late Ming Dynasty and further revitalized on this basis.From the end of Ming Dynasty to the middle of Qing Dynasty,the continuous emergence of philosophical thoughts triggered people’s doubts on the bondage of traditional ethics.The practical thoughts characterized by " Practical Statecraft Thought " and advocating " Pragmatism" flourished,and this ideological tendency was also expressed in artistic creation in a clear and affirmative way.Full of vigor and vitality of the civic culture won the attention of the painters,the expression of secular life,focus on the reality of the artistic style and schools of painting,painting content is more tend to reflect the criticism of the reality,leading to the development of the caricature composition in the painting.In politics,economy and culture under the influence of social environment,such as mid Ming dynasty to the qing appeared a batch of pay close attention to reality and with a spirit of the criticism and suspicion painter,their painting image exaggeration,strange,weird,pay close attention to reality,has the "review",because of the character and caricature,I writing comic perspective on their works for analysis.On the basis of the above research materials,this paper explores the relationship between the caricatures in figure paintings from the late Ming Dynasty to the middle Qing Dynasty and the subjects,styles and schools of traditional figure paintings.It is pointed out that the reason why a large number of have caricature elements paintings appeared in the figure paintings of this period is mainly because of the social and cultural changes,personal,commercial,traditional culture and aesthetic background factors.At the same time,it explores the development process of foreign caricatures in the similar period and makes a comparative study with the typical cases in China.To open up a new perspective for readers to understand the late Ming to the middle of the Qing Dynasty Chinese figure painting.Finally,through exploring the influence of these works and representative figures on figure painting and caricatures in the 19 th and 20 th centuries,the rationality of these works as caricatures is demonstrated,and the importance of them is analyzed.The ancient Chinese painting with caricature elements continues to develop in the Chinese painting circle with its own trajectory,and has been used for reference by many caricaturist,which makes Chinese caricatures present the unique artistic language of the Chinese nation.In a word,this paper combs traditional Chinese figure paintings from a new perspective to enrich the audience’s understanding and interpretation of traditional paintings.It shows that Chinese caricatures have their own unique development context in the long history,revealing the unique artistic language of the Chinese nation,and is not a form of painting imported from the modern times.