A Study On The Pattern Art Of Brick Carving In Shanxi Jin Merchants Courtyard

The brick carving art of Shanxi Jin-Merchant courtyard during the Ming and Qing dynasties was formed under the traditional Chinese culture and unique human and geographical environment.A quaint atmosphere of the house features distinct,brick carving,wood carving,stone carving decoration are portrayed fine,especially after the baptism of the baptism is still shining brick carving works of art.On the basis of the appearance of plain tiles in the western Zhou dynasty,brick carvings in residential buildings began to be applied to residential buildings after the prosperity and development of tiles,picture stones and picture bricks in the Qin and Han dynasties.Shanxi Jin-Merchant courtyard brick carving features include Chang’s Manor,Qiao Family Courtyard,Wang Family Courtyard,Qu Family Courtyard,Cao Family Courtyard,these screen walls facing the gate of a house,courtyard walls,doorframes,roofs,animal sculptures at the ends of a roof ridge,tiles,and other architectural components,the shape of simple atmosphere,skilled techniques,strong lines.Most of the sculpture themes have good connotations,including plants,animals,historical stories,myths and legends,and text patterns,etc.According to the different theme patterns and implied meanings,the sculpture techniques of flat carving,circular carving,relief carving,and transparent carving are applied respectively,with full shape and clear primary and secondary contrast.The brick carving patterns in Jin-Merchant courtyard fully draw on the essence of traditional painting art,and summarize the composition forms of symmetry,balance,density combination,scattered around,and false and real life,so that these patterns are full of unity and order beauty.Brick carving art adds a lot of artistic color and cultural connotation to Shanxi Jin-Merchant Courtyard,expressing the owner’s good vision of life,concern about the living condition and the importance of the knowledge of future generations,which is one of the important elements to show the charm of Shanxi courtyard.This paper makes a systematic and perfect research on the brick carving pattern art of Jin-Merchant Courtyard in Shanxi Province,and the methods of literature analysis,field investigation and comparative analysis to write a brief introduction to the "three-carving" art in Jin-Merchant Courtyard from the reasons for its formation,overall layout and courtyard style characteristics.On the basis of an overall understanding,the brick carving pattern of the courtyard for a more in-depth understanding and careful analysis,each courtyard brick carving art has its unique place.Furthermore,from its historical development process,the location of the main application,using the technique of specific type,pattern,following the form and composition patterns of connotation and meaning and aesthetic value of the aspects to do research and analysis,through the analysis of the combined with various compound brick art,of Shanxi Jin-Merchant compound brick pattern of artistic features in-depth study.The uniqueness of these brick patterns originated from the special geographical environment,folk customs and traditions,and the background of The Times.Through investigation and research,it is found that the current situation of brick carving protection in the courtyard is good,but the protection mechanism is not sound,the publicity is not enough,the application in modern environment and graphic design is rare,the main limitation is the lack of inheritance and innovation,in the future diversification of the development of great challenges.Faced with such problems,it is urgent to protect and inherit.Inheritance not only needs to learn carving techniques and protect cultural relics,but also needs to be integrated into modern design.The connotation and historical significance of the brick carving pattern should be integrated into the design works to make the brick carving pattern of Jin-Merchant Courtyard play its greater artistic value.The inheritance and protection of the traditional brick carving art has formed a unique tourism landscape,it is an important carrier to witness the history of Shanxi merchants,carry forward the spirit of Shanxi,practical value and artistic value.However,it faces many difficulties in the process of modern and long-term development.How to inherit and develop the brick carvings of Shanxi Jin-Merchant courtyard in the ever-changing contemporary society and keep up with The Times is an urgent issue that we need to pay attention to.It is hoped that through the research and summary of this paper,the public can pay attention to the brick carving in Shanxi JinMerchant courtyard,deeply understand the knowledge content and inner meaning of the pattern,use it in study and life,and continue the vitality of the brick carving art.