A Study On The Pronouns In Tunliu(屯留) Dialect,Shanxi Province

Tunliu dialect belongs to the Shangdang sub-dialect of the Jin dialect.This article takes the pronouns in Tunliu dialect as the research object.From the perspective of linguistic typology,we try to carefully describe the usage of personal pronouns and demonstratives in three levels: syntax,semantics and pragmatics,and explore the origin of special pronouns and related words.We also try to analyze the subordinate structure of personal pronouns from the theory of Word Order Universals;describe and explain the important grammatical direction of demonstratives;and explore the homomorphic phenomenon of personal pronouns and demonstratives,and further explain its motivation from a cognitive perspective.The full text is divided into four chapters:In the first chapter,we first introduce the reasons for choosing the topic,and then introduce the general situation of Tunliu and Tunliu dialect.After reviewing the existing research,the main research content of this article is proposed.In addition,we explained the significance of the research and explained the symbols used in the text.In the second chapter,we focus on the personal pronouns in Tunliu dialect.Based on the classification of "number",we described and compared the usage of singular personal pronouns,and then explored the source of some personal pronouns.From the perspective of singular and plural conversion,we describe the plural forms of personal pronouns and explain the reasons for the overlapping of plural affixes.The subject of personal pronouns’ dominance is also one of the focuses of attention.By examining and setting the parameters,we can summarize the characteristics of Tunliu dialect in terms of dominance form,dominance components,dominance marks,etc.,as well as the dependent hierarchy of personal pronoundominance.In addition,we also pay attention to the atypical personal pronouns in Tunliu dialect,as a pragmatic supplementary form of typical personal pronouns,which together constitute the personal pronoun system of Tunliu dialect.In Chapter Three,we discuss the demonstrative words in Tunliu dialect.According to semantic standards,we describe the syntax,semantics,and pragmatic functions of different types of demonstrative words.Syntactically,most demonstrative words can serve as arguments alone.Semantically,we analyze the semantic level of indicators in Tunliu dialect.We think it is a "two points" system,but there is a temporary "three points" phenomenon.In terms of pragmatics,we discussed the division of distance meanings of the same type of demonstrators under different pragmatic functions from five aspects of pragmatic function.In addition,we also focused on the grammaticalization of demonstrative words,and analyzed the phenomenon that demonstrative words and personal pronouns have the same form.The fourth chapter is the conclusion.We summarize the main findings of this article from seven aspects,including personal pronouns,possessive Structures and demonstrative grammaticalization etc..We also looked forward to the future research directions.