The Rise Of Changsha Prefecture:Transfer And Concentration Of Local Power In Hunan In Qing Dynasty

In the qing dynasty,changsha prefecture was rebuilt from a sparsely populated area to an important town in hunan province and even in the whole country,which was closely related to the transfer and concentration of power in politics,culture and economy.In the early qing dynasty,under all kinds of man-made disasters and natural disasters,the whole province of hunan was devastated.In the 20 th year of kangxi(1681),after the chaos of wu sangui was completely pacified,hunan ushered in a peaceful and stable environment,and various undertakings gradually developed.The qing court intended to build the changsha prefecture the center of hunan,but huguang had scattered local powers.Compared with the changde prefecture and yuezhou prefecture,the changsha prefecture had no obvious advantages in strength and status,and its position in hunan had not been recognized.After the first year of the reign of emperor yongzheng(1723),With the establishment and development of hunan province,the regional center has been established.two lakes after the provincial capital position of changsha city was established,the status of the whole changsha prefecture was highlighted,the formation of a powerful position in the province.With the strengthening of commerce policy in the qing dynasty,changsha prefecture was in an important position of north-south trade.The goods from guangzhou to all over the world are transshipped through changsha prefecture,especially xiangtan as the business center,which makes the overall economic advantage of changsha prefecture has been consolidated and strengthened.The local power of hunan province gradually transferred and concentrated to changsha prefecture,forming changsha prefecture as the provincial center.Hengzhou prefecture as the center of south hunan;Changde prefecture as the center of xiangbei;Chenzhou prefecture as the hierarchical central system of xiangxi center.During Jia Dao period,the distribution of local power in hunan continued to change.All the prefectures developed,and the distribution pattern of economic power changed little.Although the senior officials of changsha prefecture are increasingly influential in the national politics and the number of senior officials is also ahead of the whole province,because the senior officials of changsha prefecture have not become a political faction yet,the political power is only further concentrated towards the changsha prefecture.However,no matter the number of imperial examination talents,or the number of academic and educational celebrities,the changsha prefecture is the best in the whole province,and the cultural power is highly concentrated in the changsha prefecture.This is also the biggest characteristic of hunan’s local power transfer in Jia Dao period.In the course of the change of local power in hunan during the Jia Dao period,a changsha prefecture power group was born,which was closely related to the huxiang culture.During the period of Xian Tong Guang Xuan period,the whole hunan province ushered in a great opportunity for development.With its "unexpected" military achievements,it became one of the most dazzling provinces in the qing dynasty.In the process of the transformation from "border province" to "the country cannot live without hunan",hunan province government changsha prefecture played an important role.Changsha prefecture gradually developed into a political and cultural center in the late qing dynasty.However,before the sino-japanese war of 1894-1895,the economy of changsha prefecture was not "one prefecture alone" in the whole province.After the sino-japanese war of 1894-1895,changsha prefecture began to pay attention to the western machine industry,No longer blindly exclude foreigners,and gradually established a modern industrial and commercial system.Changsha prefecture is the most developed agricultural areas in hunan,coupled with the rapid development of industry and commerce,hunan’s economic advantages are fully concentrated in changsha prefecture.So far,changsha prefecture has realized the transformation from the political and cultural region to the comprehensive region,which has great influence in hunan and even in the whole country.