Study On Adam Schaff’s Humanism Ideology

Schaff’s theory of humanitarianism was gradually produced under the influence of young Marx’s thought,Western Marxism and Eastern European New Marxism.At the same time,he saw many obstacles encountered in the process of socialist development at that time,and realized his due responsibility as a philosopher,so he gradually turned to real Marxism.Taking Marxism as a firm basic position,the author puts forward his own views on Marxist humanitarianism.Shaff’s humanitarianism is based on the study of a series of philosophical problems about human beings,namely,human existence,human meaning of life,human purpose,human freedom,etc.among them,the criticism of Sartre’s "absolute freedom" focuses on the individual human beings,and explores the human centered questions such as the meaning of individual human life,whether life is worth living,individual freedom,etc So as to analyze the concept of individual step by step.Based on Marx’s concept of individual,he first discussed the three basic elements of Marxist concept of human individual.Taking this as the starting point,he further explored the formation,existence,freedom and development of human,and established that the real human is the core of socialism.Secondly,the alienation problem faced by real people can not be ignored,which is also the focus of Schaff’s humanitarian thought research.Finally,Schaff pointed the goal of humanitarianism to the pursuit of happiness.His conception of the conditions of personal happiness clarified that the causes of people’s misfortune are social conditions and social relations.Creating a good social system and order,reducing the occurrence of hunger,poverty,war and other misfortunes are the effective ways for people to obtain happiness.In a word,Schaff’s humanitarianism is based on the Marxist standpoint,which is based on the philosophical problems of human beings,with the individual as the core,and with the pursuit of happiness as the ultimate goal to construct its theory,thus deepening and developing the Marxist humanitarianism.