The Research On The Application Of The Sentence Pattern "Ba+N+V+Le" By Foreign Students

The ba-construction has always been a sentence pattern that has received much attention in modern Chinese,and it is also one of the very important grammatical points in teaching Chinese as a foreign language.Among many “ba” sentence patterns,“Ba+N+V+le” is relatively simple in structure and seems easy to learn.But in fact,there may be many problems when foreign students use this sentence pattern.By summarizing the research results of predecessors and combining with my own investigation,this paper makes a comprehensive summary of the sentence structure of“Ba +N+V+le”,the semantic characteristics of the verbs in the sentence and the semantic and pragmatic characteristics of the sentence structure.According to the semantic characteristics of “V” in the sentence pattern.This paper divides“ba+N+V+le” into typical and atypical sentence patterns.The meaning of “V” in a typical sentence pattern is typical meaning,including the meaning of removaling,impairing,stopping and incompletely changing.Verbs with the above kinds of semantics can freely enter the “ba+N+V+le” sentence pattern,while verbs without the above kinds of semantics need to use some additional components or have special context to enter the sentence pattern.The basic meaning of “ba+N+V+le” is subjective disposal,and there are other sentence patterns according to different semantic characteristics of verbs.In terms of pragmatic function,when “ba+N+V+le”is used alone,the whole sentence structure has imperative mood and imperative function,and at the same time,there are corresponding requirements for the subject and predicate part of the sentence.Based on the rules sorted out,this paper investigates the application of the foreign students from two aspects,the composition corpus and the test questionnaire.The investigation finds that the foreign students’ mastery of the sentence pattern of“ba+N+V+le” is not ideal,which is specifically reflected in the following aspects.In terms of structure,when “V” is a two-syllable verb or a modal word is added at the end of the sentence pattern,students tend to omit the tense auxiliary word “le”.In the aspect of verb semantics,students’ familiarity with verb semantics is in the following order: remove meaning >damage meaning> stop meaning> complete change meaning;In terms of the semantics of the sentence pattern,the semantics of the whole “ba+N+V+le” sentence pattern is “subjective disposal”,but when the subjective and objective disposal are inconsistent,students can not understand the “subjective disposal meaning” of the sentence pattern.In terms of sentence pattern selection,students actively use “Ba +N+V+le” when the verb indicates obvious deletion or“complete deletion”,while students tend to use more familiar subject-verb-object or other sentence patterns of “Ba” when the deletion of meaning is not obvious or has other semantics.Finally,this paper analyzes and summarizes the factors that affect students’ acquisition of the “Ba+N+V+了” sentence pattern.From the perspective of external factors,the inadequate explanation of the sentence pattern in the textbook is the most important reason which leads to the lack of understanding of the “Ba+N+V+了” for foreign students.From the perspective of students’ own factors,the use of learning strategies and the negative transfer of target language knowledge are also important reasons for the appearance of errors.