The Changing Pattern Of South Asia: The Second Indo-Pakistan War And Its Implications

Since the end of the Second World War,with the development of the national independence movement in South Asia,the pattern of South Asia has undergone drastic changes,among which the India-Pakistan partition and conflicts are the most prominent.It can be said that the contradictions and struggles between India and Pakistan run through the changes of the South Asian pattern.In 1947,after the British withdrew from South Asia,India attempted to inherit the privileges of the British and Indian colonial governments and implement the "Monroe Doctrine" in South Asia.For this reason,India exercised direct control over the economy,diplomacy and national security of the small landlocked countries in South Asia such as Nepal.Crush Pakistan everywhere in the hope that Pakistan will become weak and come back into the arms of India.India and Pakistan are the two most powerful countries in South Asia.The change of the relationship between the two countries will directly affect and even directly determine the change of the pattern of South Asia.The two countries fought their first IndiaPakistan war in 1947 over a sectarian dispute over Kashmir.After the First IndiaPakistan War,the balance of power between India and Pakistan was in a relatively balanced state(This relative balance refers to the military posture of India and Pakistan),and the pattern of South Asia entered a period of relatively stable development.Seen from the international background,the expansion of the struggle between the United States and the Soviet Union for the Third World in South Asia is also an important external reason for the change of the pattern in South Asia.The outbreak of the Second India-Pakistan War in 1965 was precisely caused by the intensification of contradictions between India and Pakistan as the root cause,and the competition for South Asia between the United States and the Soviet Union as the external driving force.The Second India-Pakistan War was another drastic change in the pattern of South Asia after more than ten years of relative stability.In the second India-Pakistan war,which lasted less than a month,India and Pakistan won and lost each other and the war ended in a draw.But the performance of the two sides in the war has hinted at a shift in the balance of power between India and Pakistan,with India’s war potential higher than Pakistan’s.After the Second Indo-Pakistan War,India began to rapidly surpass Pakistan in power,which disrupted the balance between India and Pakistan and eventually laid the foundation for India’s dismemberment of Pakistan in 1971.The Second Indo-Pakistan War is an important node in the changing pattern of South Asia.In the First IndiaPakistan War,neither India nor Pakistan realized their demands for war and then called for a ceasefire.In the relatively stable period after the First India-Pakistan War,the contradictions between India and Pakistan escalated and intensified continuously,and under the influence of external forces,another fierce collision between India and Pakistan finally broke out in 1965.After the Second Indo-Pakistan War,the imbalance of power balance between India and Pakistan became more and more clear,and the pattern of South Asia changed dramatically again--the third Indo-Pakistan War and the dismemberment of Pakistan had been foreshadowed.Therefore,from the perspective of the Second India-Pakistan War and the evolution history of the South Asian pattern before and after the Second India-Pakistan War,it is not difficult to find that the change of the South Asian pattern is fundamentally a reflection of the change of the balance of power in South Asia.After the Second India-Pakistan War,the change of the power in South Asia led to the division and reorganization of the South Asian pattern.In addition to the introduction and conclusion,this paper is mainly divided into four parts: The first part is "the world situation and its influence in the early period after World War II".In this part,the outbreak and spread of the Cold War,the decolonization movement,the rise of the third world countries and the growth of the socialist forces in the early period after World War II were summarized,which clarified the background for the initial formation and change of the pattern of South Asia.The second part is the pattern of South Asia before the Second Indo-Pakistan War.This part mainly discusses the initial formation process of the South Asian pattern before the Second Indo-Pakistan War and the internal and external factors that influenced its formation.At the same time,it also shows the changing situation of the pattern of South Asia in this process.The third part is "The Dramatic Changes of South Asian Pattern: The Second Indo-Pak War" and "South Asian Pattern after the Second Indo-Pak War",which is also the main part of this paper.In this part,the Second Indo-Pakistan War,which caused the drastic changes in the pattern of South Asia,is discussed,including the internal and external factors of the military actions taken by India and Pakistan.Among them,there are not only the intensification of the contention between the United States and the Soviet Union in South Asia,but also the escalation and intensification of the conflict between India and Pakistan.The outbreak and end of the war are also discussed in detail.Finally,the paper elaborates the changes of the pattern of South Asia after the Second IndoPakistan War and discusses the influence of the Second Indo-Pakistan War on the world pattern.The fourth part is the conclusion part,which summarizes the factors that influence the change of South Asian pattern,how India and Pakistan lead to the Second Indo-Pakistan War and the influence of the Second Indo-Pakistan War in the changing South Asian pattern.