The Study Of Lv Tiancheng’s Qupin Drama Criticism

By the late Ming Dynasty,Chinese opera had entered a prosperous period,Screenwriting became a social fad,Works came out in an endless stream.This provides a fertile soil for the emergence of drama criticism.On the other hand,Drama development,to the Ming dynasty,appear this kind of style and popular legend,Chinese opera as a "play"(or drama)the composition of the increasingly prominent,the story of the legendary work become more twists,Chinese opera of the narrative literature characteristics in practice is increasingly highlighted,and Chinese opera as a "song" composition is gradually weakened,and gradually close to and serve the plot.Under this background,Lv Tiancheng’s "Qupin" came into being.Qupin is the first monograph on drama criticism in the history of Chinese opera,and also the first theoretical monograph that introduces the criticism method of "pin" into drama criticism.Together with "Qilv",they are called the double masterpieces of the Ming Dynasty.From the history of Chinese opera theory,the appearance of these two theoretical works marks the transformation of Chinese drama theory from "the study of song" to "the study of drama".And also,it marks the study of Chinese opera from the concept of "song standard",which focuses on lyrics,temperament and how to write lyrics and music,to the script position,which focuses on the structure of story plot and narrative mode,etc.In fact,this is also a breakthrough for traditional poetic opera criticism,that is,we no longer evaluate opera simply as a change of poetry,but more as a "drama",as a comprehensive art,as a narrative literature to evaluate opera.Among them,Lv Tiancheng’s "Qupin",as the pioneer of opera criticism monographs,its principles and standards of opera criticism have exerted a great influence on later generations of opera criticism and its creation practice.Taking Lu Tiancheng’s "Qupin" and his opera criticism as the research object,this paper attempts to systematically sort out the background of The Times when Lv Tiancheng’s opera criticism appeared,his opera criticism thoughts,criticism criteria and standards,the standards for grading evaluation,and the status and influence of Lv Tiancheng’s opera criticism.Among them,the focus of the discussion is the standard of Lu Tiancheng’s drama criticism--Sun Kuang put forward the "ten requirements of southern opera",as well as the grade standard of Lv Tiancheng’s drama grade division,grasp these also grasp the core of Lv Tiancheng’s drama criticism theory.In general,the system of drama criticism initiated by Lv Tiancheng’s Qupin has been continuously improved and expanded by later theorists such as Qi Biaojia,Gao Yi,Meng Chengshun and Li Yu.Under the background of declining drama criticism,an in-depth study of qu pin is still of great enlightening significance to the reconstruction of drama criticism and the establishment of drama aesthetics,which is worthy of further expansion.