The Influence Of The Second Language On The External Anchoring Effect And The Mechanism

In real life,people have more or less decision-making bias in the process of decision-making and judgment,and anchoring effect is one of them.Anchoring effect,as a heuristic judgment,specifically refers to a phenomenon in which a decision or judgment is biased toward the previously proposed external irrelevant information or "anchor".According to the source of the anchor,the anchoring effect is divided into external anchoring effect and internal anchoring effect.In the external anchoring effect where the anchor value is provided by the outside,according to the anchor problem,the steps are proposed to be "two-step" or "one-step".It can be divided into traditional anchoring effect and basic anchoring effect.In recent years,research has found that for unbalanced bilinguals,people are less sensitive to cognitive biases that affect decision-making in second language situations,and can more rationally weigh the pros and cons of risks.This phenomenon in which people’s judgments or decisions are different due to the difference in thinking between the first language and the second language is called the Foreign Language Effect.In the past,there was no research on the influence of foreign language effects on anchoring effect decision-making.In view of this,this research combines foreign language effects and anchoring effects to explore the influence of the second language on the heuristic bias of external anchoring effects and its mechanism,Based on previous studies on foreign language effects and anchoring effects,three experiments were designed to explore the influence and mechanism of second language on external anchoring effects.Experiment 1 examined the influence of the second language on the external anchoring effect,and explored the difference in the strength of the anchoring effect between the native language and the foreign language.The experimental results show that there are differences in the strength of anchoring effect between the Chinese group and the English group.The second language weakens the external anchoring effect,and the anchoring effect deviation can be "foreign language standardization" to a certain extent.Experiment 2 investigated the influence of the anchor value language form on the external anchoring effect,and explored the difference in the anchoring effect strength under the activation of the numeric anchor value,the Chinese anchor value,and the English anchor value.The experimental results show that there is a basic anchoring effect phenomenon under the activation of different anchor value languages,but the anchoring effect intensity of the three language anchor values is not significant.The Anchoring Index shows that the anchoring effect under digital anchor value activation is greater than that of Chinese anchoring Value and English anchor value.Experiment 3 investigated the semantic activation difference of traditional anchoring effect in native language and foreign language context,and explored whether the weakening of semantic activation of anchoring information in foreign language led to the reduction of external anchoring effect under foreign language conditions.The experimental results show that the interaction between language type,anchor value and vocabulary type is significant,and the Chinese group participants respond to vocabulary judgments with the same anchor value(high anchor starts up high anchor related words/low anchor starts up low anchor related words).Inconsistency(high-anchor starts up low-anchor related words/low-anchor starts up high-anchor related words)is faster,and there is no significant difference in the responses of the English group to words with consistent anchor values and words with inconsistent anchor values.To sum up,this study draws the following conclusions: Firstly,the second language can weaken the external anchoring effect,and the anchoring effect of the Chinese group is stronger than that of the English group;Secondly,there is a basic anchoring effect phenomenon when digital anchor value,Chinese anchor value,and English anchor value are activated,there is no significant difference in the anchoring effect between different language anchors,the anchoring effect index under digital anchor value activation is greater than the Chinese anchor value and English anchor value;Thirdly,foreign languages can reduce the external anchoring effect by weakening the semantic activation of the anchor-consistent information.In the native context,the reaction speed of the anchor-consistent words is significantly faster than the anchor-inconsistent words;under the foreign language conditions,the anchor-consistent words and the anchor-consistent words No significant difference in response time.