| The Shang and Zhou Bronzes Inscription and Image Integrated Continuity has collected 1,509 new inscribed bronzes in recent years,including 742 unpublished ones.The information of creation time,place,shape and decoration,etc.is listed separately under each bronze ware,which is a comprehensive description of the recent bronze ware.Through sorting out the unearthed and collected bronzes recorded by stages,and integrating the contents and structure types of inscriptions in different periods,the important position and social function of bronzes in the Shang and Zhou Dynasties are presented.From the regional distribution characteristics of the unearthed bronzes,it can be seen that in the late Shang Dynasty,the radiating range of the cultural influence of the Yin and Shang Dynasty was mainly concentrated in the Wangji area.In the Western Zhou Dynasty,the system of clan blood relationship and rites and music became the means for the Zhou Dynasty to maintain the central power.The cultural value exported by such carriers as bronze ritual vessels had already influenced the Huai River and the Yangtze River basin.During the Spring and Autumn period,Chu,which lived in the Yangtze River Valley,grew stronger and stronger,and its cultural influence had already expanded to Hunan and Anhui.By comparing the number of bronze vessels in different periods,it can be found that the ritual and music system changed in the late Western Zhou Dynasty,and the number of wine vessels decreased significantly.At this time,wine vessels were no longer the key instruments used in sacrifice.During the Spring and Autumn Period,the system of rites and music gradually collapsed,the number of Musical Instruments as funeral goods increased rapidly,and the vassals and sovereigns used the rites of the son of heaven.In the Warring States Period,the number of weapons increased significantly,and bronze weapons were no longer a symbol of aristocratic status.There are seven types of bronze inscriptions in the Shang and Zhou Dynasties,among which inscriptions on the inscriptions of the Weinian nationality of the Yin and Shang Dynasties account for 96% of the total inscriptions,and the inscriptions on the inscriptions of the Weinian nationality are mainly single-character inscriptions.In the Western Zhou Dynasty,the inscriptions "(sacrificer)+ zuo + sacrifice recipient + vessel type" accounted for about 35% of the total number of inscriptions,and the number of inscriptions with ancestor deities as the center of sacrifice occupied a dominant position.During the Spring and Autumn Period,inscriptions of "maker + self-made/used / + type" accounted for 64% of the total inscriptions,and bronze ware gradually became a symbol of the wealth of the aristocracy.In the Warring States Period,the number of inscriptions used for the names of the workers accounted for 44% of the total number.The holiness of bronze ware as sacrificial vessels gradually dissipated,and practicality became its core attribute.The inscriptions in the Shang and Zhou dynasties covered many aspects of aristocratic life.At the end of the Shang and the beginning of the Zhou Dynasty,the writing of the inscriptions had a strong religious flavor,and the ancestor gods were the focus of sacrifice activities at this time.In the middle of the Western Zhou Dynasty,the social utility of the bronze inscriptions began to sprout,including the writing of orders and economic contracts.During the Spring and Autumn Period and the Warring States Period,the number of inscriptions with the name of Yiwu Legong gradually increased,and the text’s practicality was further strengthened.Social,political and economic changes are the internal reasons for the changes in the structural types and textual properties of the bronze inscriptions,and the writing system used to record the language will also change accordingly. |
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