The Influence Of Cognitive Training On Working Memory Updating

Working memory updating ability is an important component of executive function and an important moderator between age and fluid intelligence.Previous studies have found that individuals’ working memory updating ability can be improved through cognitive training.The researchers also found that cognitive training altered the activation of brain regions associated with updating ability and increased the level of dopamine activity in the striatum.However,few studies have used eye movement tracking technology to explore the mechanism of cognitive training’s influence on working memory updating ability.Previous studies have shown that eye movement control can analyze the working memory updating ability,and the first fixation time,gaze time and total fixation time are closely related to the working memory updating ability.In this study,we combined eye movement tracking technology to explore the mechanism of cognitive training to improve working memory updating ability.In this study,a total of 59 subjects underwent 20 days of adaptive n-back training using visuospatial n-back task and Raven’s Advanced Progressive Matrices test as a distal transfer task.The results showed that the near-transfer effect occurred in the training group compared with the control group on the visual spatial 3-back and 4-back tasks,and the fixation time and total fixation time decreased significantly in the visual spatial 4-back tasks.No distal migration effect was found on Raven’s Advanced Progressive Matrices test.These results indicate that cognitive training can improve the working memory updating ability,and improve the processing efficiency of the target stimulus in the attentional maintenance stage and the integration efficiency of visual information,and then improve the working memory refresh ability of individuals.In study 2,a total of 82 subjects were divided into 5,10,15 and20 day groups to perform adaptive n-back training.The visual spatial 4-back task was used to measure the ability of working memory updating,and the Raven’s Advanced Progressive Matrices test was used as a distant transfer task.Results after training,four groups of people in working memory updating ability were improved,including10,15,20 days of training in the visual space of 4-back task happened nearly transfer effect,20 days of training in the visual space of 4-back task gaze time,total fixation time was significantly reduced,in the raven’s high-level reasoning test did not find far transfer effect.In conclusion,this study indicates that cognitive training can improve the processing efficiency of individuals in the attention maintenance stage,enhance the integration efficiency of individuals’ visual information,and thus improve the working memory updating ability of individuals.In addition,from the perspective of the effects of cognitive training in different cycles,the 20-day cognitive training can effectively improve the individual attentional maintenance processing efficiency and visual information integration efficiency,while the 5-day,10-day and 15-day cognitive training does not find this effect.