The Theoretical Justification Of Kant’s Moral Metaphysics

Moral metaphysics is an important part of Kant’s moral philosophy,which plays an important role in moral philosophy.Because of this,it has always been valued by philosophers.Moral metaphysics,as an important part of the principle of moral metaphysics,the representative work of Kant’s moral philosophy,establishes the moral principle of universal inevitability--categorical order,which is divorced from experience.It points out that the objective universal categorical order can not come from human nature,nor can it come from perceptual experience,but can only come from innate pure reason.According to the logical argument of Kant’s moral metaphysics theory,this paper is divided into three parts.In the first part,we mainly investigate why Kant established moral metaphysics.In Kant’s view,in many moral theories,their discussion is based on perception and experience,so that there are many moral principles and standards.Therefore,Kant believes that in order to avoid this dilemma,it is necessary to establish a supreme standard of principle.Such a supreme moral principle must be purely innate and formal.It can neither come from human nature nor from human perceptual experience.Therefore,in order to find scientific and universal moral principles,we must rise to the level of metaphysics and establish moral metaphysics.In the second part,it mainly studies how Kant established moral metaphysics step by step,that is,how Kant rose from the public moral philosophy to moral metaphysics,and found the universal imperative.This paper points out that Kant starts from the consciousness of daily life or the consciousness of obligation,and then obtains the essential form of moral law--categorical order by analyzing obligation.In this process,Kant extended three practical principles of command.In the third principle of practice,Kant focuses on the necessity of categorical order.In Kant’s view,the objective inevitability of categorical order is the inevitable behavior of free will out of respect for moral law.In the third part,it mainly analyzes Kant’s moral metaphysics.That is how to treat the position of Kant’s moral metaphysics in his moral philosophy.Through the analysis of the existing research results,this paper shows that Kant’s categorical order,as the core content of the second chapter of the principles of moral metaphysics,plays a vital role in the construction of his moral philosophy.Secondly,Kant’s categorical order is questioned by many philosophers because it is completely divorced from experience,which is too formalized.It has only empty moral principles and lacks feasibility.It even points out that its formalized moral principles are actually conditional hypothetical orders.