Research On Human Subjectivity Crisis In The Era Of Artificial Intelligence From The Perspective Of Marx’s Science And Technology Ethics

As one of the world’s three most advanced technologies in the 21 st century,artificial intelligence technology has gradually penetrated into all aspects of human society with its characteristics and advantages of interdisciplinary fields,marginal disciplines and wide application.It not only greatly promotes the development of productivity and industrial change,but also brings ethical problems that cannot be ignored.In the era of artificial intelligence,the field of human activities is constantly squeezed,the essential attribute of human is more and more obscured,and the subject status of human is seriously shaken.How to deal with and resolve the crisis of human subjectivity has become an important topic in the current research of artificial intelligence ethics.The impact of scientific and technological progress on human subjectivity has existed since the beginning of modernization.Marx made a transcendent interpretation and assumption of the alienation of science and technology in his era.This paper combs Marx’s relevant expositions on science and technology and its relationship with human society,constructs Marx’s ethical thought of science and technology based on the logic of ontology,epistemology and methodology,and focuses on the dimension of human subjectivity.The dimension of human subjectivity in Marx’s ethics of science and technology is mainly reflected in three parts.First,the people-oriented view of science and technology,including the scientific view of historicism and the dialectical unity of science and humanity.Second,the theory of science and technology criticism and alienation based on human practical activities,including science and technology alienation,subject alienation and the political and ethical ways to eliminate subject alienation.The third is the construction method of subject oriented science and technology ethics,including the elucidation of the loss and return of human subjectivity,the criticism of abstract subject and the construction of realistic subject,and the prospect of reconstructing the new order of science and technology ethics of returning human freedom and consciousness.From the perspective of Marx’s ethics of science and technology,we can find that the development of artificial intelligence has brought a huge impact on human subjectivity,which makes people face the external crisis of the digestion of subject status,the confusion of cognitive subject and the anti-intelligence in intelligent society,and the internal crisis of the loss of individual self,the loss of value rationality,and the strengthening of alienation dimension and the loss of freedom and liberation.Its root lies in the logic of technological rationality in modern technological society and the domination of capitalist civilization over the logic of capital formed in modern society for a long time.The return of human subjectivity should adhere to the ideological guidance of Marxism,starting from two aspects of value path and ethical practice.Firstly,it is necessary to clarify the human nature,value demands and ethical principles that need to be researched,established and restored.Secondly,we should start from the two aspects of value orientation and fundamental goal,to explore a more practical,scientific and effective practice path,and develop the artificial intelligence ethics practice that highlights human subjectivity.