A Study On Acquisition Errors Of The Chinese Dummy Verbs "Jinxing" And "Jiayi" By International Students

Chinese dummy verbs are a special category of modern Chinese verbs,they only assume grammatical meaning in sentences without actual action meaning,and the object that follows them carries the semantic information of the structure,so removing them in some sentences will not affect the expression of the sentence.Chinese dummy verbs are mostly used in written language,and the teaching of Chinese as a foreign language is often more focused on oral expressions in the early stage,so it is easy to ignore the teaching of Chinese dummy verbs,and Chinese dummy verbs are a difficult point for international students,and they are easy to make mistakes in writing,and international students avoid using them to avoid mistakes.Therefore,based on the previous studies,this paper selects the two most frequently used and typical words "jinxing" and "jiayi" in the category of Chinese dummy verbs to analyze and study.The study first analyzed the characteristics,usage conditions and functions of Chinese dummy verbs,and conducted a questionnaire survey on the acquisition of Chinese dummy verbs by foreign students in three schools in Xi’an.Through questionnaire survey and analysis,it can be found that international students have a better grasp of the usage and meaning of "jinxing" than "jiayi";The two usages of "jinxing" + formal object and "jinxing" + persistent verb object are relatively not very good;There are more errors in the aspect of not being able to follow the complement after "jiayi".Analyzing the errors of international students by using the biased corpus of HSK dynamic composition corpus.The study found that the main errors in the acquisition of Chinese dummy verbs by international students were misuse of Chinese dummy verbs,substitution and object errors.The causes of these errors can be divided into internal and external factors.Internal factors include negative native language transfer,overgeneralization,influence of cognitive rules,and avoidance of use;external factors include the influence of classroom teaching,inappropriate setting and writing of teaching materials,and the influence of acquisition environment.Accordingly,this study proposes some teaching suggestions in three aspects: teaching materials,classroom teaching and teaching methods.It is hoped that these suggestions can help international students acquire Chinese dummy verbs better and reduce errors.