| Emotion is a common psychological phenomenon,which affects our life all the time.With the development of society,emotion research has gradually become a hot topic in psychology.Dance is an art with rich emotions.Its function of expressing "feeling" is particularly important.Mr.Wu Xiaobang,a famous Chinese dancer,once put forward the "three elements" of dance,which are emotion,rhythm and picture.He believes that dance is performed through human body movements,and body movements are derived from people’s expression of rich emotions.But in most cases the dance works are presented to the audience through the audio-visual dual channel art form.In the daily course of dance major students,no matter it is basic training,editing and creation,or rehearsal,it is inseparable from music accompaniment.Therefore,in the daily appreciation,teaching and creation of dance,dance music plays an important role in the integrity of dance works.Through reading literature,found that the current study on the relationship between dance and music more focused on dance appreciation and aesthetic level,such as dancing is basic education level and ancient dancing to the research on the level of history,level of psychology research also is only a small number of dance,music as a whole to emotional experience of experimental research.However,there are few literatures to show whether dance music can affect people’s recognition and experience of dance emotions in dance works.So,do the emotional recognition and experience of dance rely on the rendering of the dance soundtrack,or do they rely on the body movements of the dance itself or the facial expressions of the dancer? We need to further explore.To sum up,this study takes different presentation modes in dance as the starting point,based on the emotions of cognitive theory,function theory and related theory,the relationship between dance and music related research,through the psychology behavior experiment,eye movement experiment method,collecting relevant data,to explore the influence of different dance presentation on emotion recognition and experience of college students.In this study,a behavioral experiment and an eye movement experiment were used,including a preliminary experiment and two formal experiments.The main purpose of the pre-experiment was to conduct the primary selection and evaluation for the dance video materials and dance movement picture materials,which was completed by the researcher and three dance professional teachers.The dance video materials of Experiment 1 were selected from the classic Chinese classical dance and Chinese national and folk dance repertories of previous Taoli Cup Dance Competition and CCTV Dance Competition,and the high-arousal emotional clips of each clip were taken as the experimental materials.In Experiment 2,stills showing emotional movements in Chinese classical dance and Chinese folk dance plays were selected as experimental materials.In the primary selection of materials,we should first screen out some of the materials with different types of dance works or some of the materials with large objections,so as to avoid the additional influence that may be caused by these special reasons.Secondly,the length,format and corresponding basic parameters of dance video materials and dance action pictures are controlled in a unified way.Through QQ group and We Chat group recruit subjects of dance video material and dance pictures assess the emotional type,according to the evaluation results to delete is not in conformity with the requirements of material,in the end the experiment of a dance video material selection of the first paragraph 25 into formal experiment,experiment 2 dance picture material select 14 images into formal experiment.Experiment 1 used a mixed experimental design of 2(dance soundtrack: with dance soundtrack,without dance soundtrack)×2(major type: dance major,non-dance major)×2(emotion type: happy emotion,sad emotion).The dance soundtrack and emotion type were both intra-subject independent variables,the major type was inter-subject variable,and the dependent variable was the correct rate and intensity of the participants’ recognition and experience of dance emotion.This paper mainly discusses the influence of dance music,major type and emotion type on emotion recognition and experience of college students.The experimental results show that :(1)the main effect of emotion recognition is not significant,but the main effect of emotion experience is significant.It shows that dance soundtrack does not affect individuals’ identification of dance emotions,but it will affect individuals’ experience of dance emotions.(2)Emotional recognition(accuracy and intensity)and emotional experience(intensity)have significant interaction between the presence of dance soundtrack and the presence of dance major.The emotion recognition(accuracy and intensity)and emotional experience(intensity)of non-dance major college students for works with soundtrack are significantly higher than those without music.Students majoring in dance have lower emotional recognition(accuracy and intensity)of works with music than those without music,and lower emotional experience(intensity)of works without music.(3)The emotion recognition intensity was only significant for the interaction between emotion and dance with or without music.The emotion recognition intensity of dance with music for happy emotions was significantly higher than that of dance without music for happy emotions,and that of dance without music for sad emotions was significantly higher than that of dance without music for happy emotions.Through Experiment 1,we learned that dance can still recognize and experience emotions without music.Therefore,on the basis of Experiment 1,this study continues to explore the differences in emotion recognition(using accuracy rate and response time as indicators)and eye movement tracking data of dance movements among college students with different professional levels for different emotional types of dance.Experiment 2used 2(dance emotion type: happy emotion,sad emotion)×2(professional type: In the mixed experimental design of dance major and non-dance major,the type of dance emotion was the internal independent variable,and the type of dance major was the inter-subject independent variable.The eye movement physiological indexes such as the recognition and experience accuracy of dance emotion,reaction time,and the number of first fixation and total fixation were the dependent variable indexes.On the basis of Experiment 1,we continue to explore the influence of dance movements on emotion recognition of college students in the absence of dance music,and the relationship between individual eye movement fixation tendency and dance emotion.The individual eye movement fixation tendency measurement tool is the Eyelink1000 eye tracker produced by SR Research Company.This experiment collects data such as the first fixation number,total fixation number,total fixation time and the distribution map of fixation points of the subjects.The results show that :(1)The main effect of gaze position is significant,and individuals are more inclined to gaze at the face of dancers in the emotion recognition of static dance movements.(2)The total number of fixation and total fixation time had significant interaction with fixation location.The total number of fixation tended to focus on the face of the dancer and the total fixation time was the longest for the sad emotional dance.Individuals tended to focus on the dancer’s body more for the total fixation times of happy mood dance and the total fixation time of the dancer’s body was the longest.(3)The dominant effect of individuals on major type was not significant,which was consistent with the result of emotion recognition in Experiment 1.(4)The interaction between major type and emotion type in reaction time was significant.The dance major students used less reaction time to sad emotional dance works,while the non-dance major students used less reaction time to happy emotional dance works.The conclusions of this study are as follows:1.Dance soundtrack has advantages for individual dance emotional experience,but has advantages for individual dance emotion recognition only in intensity,but not in accuracy of emotion recognition.Individuals have stronger emotional intensity for happy and sad dance with no music.2.Whether the dance major has advantages in individual emotion recognition and experience.Non-dance majors are more sensitive to the dance emotional information with music,while dance majors are more sensitive to the dance emotional information without music,depending on their own professional experience.When appreciating dance,college students who are not majoring in dance should join the dance music to get a better experience.3.Compared with body movements,facial expressions are the priority and main choice for individual emotion recognition.Individuals pay more attention to sad faces for more time and times.Body movements also have an advantage in individual emotion recognition,but the advantage is not as prominent as facial expressions.The total fixation time and the total fixation times of the happy emotional body were more.In the daily dance teaching and training,besides the basic skills,we should also pay attention to the training of students’ expressions.4.Emotion type has an impact on individual emotion recognition.The dance majors were more sensitive to the sad emotional dance works,while the non-dance majors were more sensitive to the happy emotional dance works. |
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