Research On The Rank System Of District Above County In Tang And Song Dynasties Period

The research object of this study is the rank system of district above county in Tang and Song dynasties period.Besides the introduction and conclusion,there are part I and part II.There are three chapters in part I that is about the institution and political problems of rank system.Chapter 1,the study introduced the rank system in Tang and Song dynasties was composed of two parts which called "Zhou’ge"（州格）and "Zhou’deng"（州等）.And then analysis the differences between two systems,that corrected past mistakes in the concepts and definition of ranks systems.Which prove the "Du’du Fu"（都督府）and"Guan’cha Zhou"（观察州）were not parts of Zhou’ge.And then study the historical relationship between systems of "Zhou’xian Guan"（州县官）and "Mu’zhi Guan"（幕职官）and the institutions of "Zhou’yuan"（州院）and "Shi’yuan"（使院）.Chapter 2,by started with different geography literatures,researching the commons and differences in styles and structures,to understand the inheritance and development from Tang dynasty to Song dynasty.At last,we researched the specific existence at history,there were material proves,plaque of Zhou/Fu/Jun,could help us to understand the meaning of rank systems.It help the government to keep authority and clear the position for different rank.Chapter 3,there had a deeper dig on the political reasons behind the rank changes.Above all,we focus on those examples of "Jie’du Zhou"（节度州）and "Fu"（府）.At first,this part research on the background and reasons of why rise those zhou to Jiedu level in early and middle north Song dynasty.Second,we focus on the late north Song dynasty,the Song—huizong emperor abuse power to set up Jiedu Zhou and Fu,after that,southern Song dynasty still the way and accelerate the depreciation and collapse of Zhou’ge system.In part Ⅱ,there are two chapters:Chapter 4 and Chapter 5,which are about the evolution of Zhou’ge in northern and southern of Song dynasty.The part Ⅱ is focus on the rank evolution process of 110 northern direction and 160 southern direction which ruled by Song dynasty.The study had recover the whole process and record of changing that from military govern system to a rank system who controlled by dynasty.