Study On The Criticism Of Painting Evaluation In The Northern Song Dynasty

In the Northern Song Dynasty,there were four works of ranking criticism in the field of painting criticism,mainly including the Famous Paintings Record of Yizhou by Huang Xiufu,the Famous Paintings Criticism of Shengchao and the Supplement of Famous Paintings of Five Dynasties by Liu Daochun and the Paintings of Deyuzhai by Li Zhi.These works,with unique criticism mode and profound theoretical insights,comment on and rank over 100 painters,thus pushing and ranking criticism of ancient paintings to a new stage,which is of great significance in the history of ancient painting criticism and has important research value.This paper studies it from three aspects.Firstly,analyze the mode and origin of painting ranking criticism in the Northern Song Dynasty.There are two types of criticism modes of painting quality in the Northern Song Dynasty: Huang Xiufu’s the Famous Paintings Record of Yizhou and Liu Daochun’s the Famous Paintings Critisim of Shengchao.There are two critical modes in the Famous Paintings Record of Yizhou: one is to put forward four categories of “Yi,Shen,Miao and Neng”,and to explain the connotation of the four categories.Among them,“Yi and Shen” are not divided,and “Miao and Neng” are divided into three categories: “upper,middle and lower”.The other is,according to the actual level and achievements,the painters are listed in different categories.Huang’s mode of critisim originated from Zhu Jingxuan’s the Famous Paintings Records of Tang Dyansty.Zhu’s criticism of paintings is based on the three grades of “Shen,Miao and Neng”.Each grade is divided into three grades: top,middle and bottom.In addition to the three grades,he added “Yi Pin”,which is the origin of Huang’s criticism of Pin Di.There are also two aspects in the critical mode of the Famous Paintings Critisim of Shengchao:one is to evaluate the paintings according to different subjects.According to the themes,the paintings can be divided into six categories: Characters,Landscape trees,Myserious beasts,Flower feathers,Ghosts and gods,and Houses and tress.Then,the painters of different subjects can be divided into three categories: Shen,Miao and Neng,each of which can be divided inyo three categories: top,middle and bottom.The second is to set up “Comment” to evaluate the grade and clarify the reasons.Liu’s mode of criticism originated from Li Sizhen in the early Tang Dyansty and Zhu Jingxuan in the late Tang Dynasty.Secondly,analyze the theoretical concept of painting ranking criticism in the Northern Song Dynasty.This paper summarizes the theory of painting ranking critics in the Northern Song Dynasty in four aspects: the first is the concept of painting creation,manily including “the Creation of Masters”,“for Their Interests”,“Self-made” and so on.The second is the aesthetic view of painting,which mainly includes the view of“Four Patterns”,the theory of “Six Essentials” and “Six Long”,and the emphasis on“Brushwork”,“Momentum” and “Interest”.The third is the view of painting subject,which mainly involves the painter’s interest,the course of teacher learning,the attitude of creation,etc.The fourth is the view of painting function,which mainly includes the view of “Painting for Pleasure” and religious education.Thirdly,analyze the value of painting ranking criticism in the Northern Song Dynasty.This paper holds that there are three values of painting ranking criticism of the Northern Song Dynasty: one is the storage of relevant materials of painters has extremely important literature value for painters’ research.Another is the relevant contents of the recorded paintings have extremely important literature value for the study of painting works.The third is that many views on painting put forward by Pin Di’s critcs have important theoretical value.