Study On Qianfo Pacilion Site And Form Of Temple In Shenguo Temple Site In Hangzhou

Hangzhou Shengguo Temple site is the site of a mountain temple in Fenghuang Mountain,Hangzhou city,Zhejiang Province.Based on the excavated materials of Hangzhou Shengguo Temple site,this paper makes a comparative analysis of archaeological materials and documentary materials,and confirms that Qianfo Pavilion is a wooden structure in front of the grotto built by cutting the mountain.It was built in the Five Dynasties period,and some repairs were made after it was built,which lasted until the Song Dynasty.Abolished in the Southern Song Dynasty.At the same time,the paper analyzes the site selection and layout evolution of Shengguo Temple from the Five Dynasties to the Song Dynasty,and holds that shengguo Temple experienced two layout adjustments: During the Five Dynasties,qianfo Pavilion was built on the mountain,which became the landmark building of Shengguo Temple,and formed the layout of front hall and back hall with the Buddhist temple,which may be the imitation of the Central Plains Buddhist temple in the Tang Dynasty.After the revival of shengguo Temple in the Southern Song Dynasty,qianfo Pavilion was abandoned and the center of the temple was reduced to the Buddhist temple area,which should be influenced by the continuous development of Zen temples in the Song Dynasty.Both shengguo Temple site in Hangzhou and Jiangjinshi Buddhist Temple in Chongqing are the southern mountain temple sites discovered in recent years with clear evolution and complete layout.This paper compares the two sites and summarizes their similarities in site selection,temple construction and layout concept.Both the adjustment of the former and the new construction of the latter have the style of Zen temple in song Dynasty.Also reflects the different temple planning concept of different times.At the same time,this paper summarizes the layout of the temple in southern Song Dynasty by combing the construction of the five mountains temple in the annals of the temple and summarizing the layout of the temple in southern Song Dynasty,which is roughly arranged on the vertical axis of "gate-Buddhist hall-Dharma hall-abbot",and the other courtyard and other buildings on both sides of the horizontal expansion.Therefore,the layout of Shengguo Temple was adjusted in the Southern Song Dynasty under the influence of many factors,such as the great prominence of the core position of the Buddhist temple in the Song Dynasty and the definite and fixed consecration object of the Zen temple.In general,the layout of the temple is not a simple combination of architecture,arrangement,is based on the nature of the temple,the characteristics of The Times,architectural functions and other factors comprehensive consideration.The adjustment of temple layout from the Five Dynasties to the Song Dynasty epitomized the development and evolution of buddhist temple layout in The Tang and Song dynasties,which reflected the decline of the Tang style and the maturity of the Song system,and also witnessed the continuous independence and prosperity of Zen Buddhism.