Social Relations Aimed At Each Other ——The Essence Of The "Free Association"

The relationship between individual and community,that is,the relationship of "mutual purpose",is the spiritual essence of Marx’s thought of "free man Association".The relationship between individual and community is general and individual.This "mutual purpose" relationship is a transcendence of the "mutual tool" relationship.Individuals with their own "purpose" do not regard the common body as a tool,which is the key for Marx to criticize individualism.Taking the relationship between individual and community as the starting point,this paper analyzes the tendency of individualism and Communitarianism and their corresponding mode of material production,and reveals that individual and community from "mutual viewing tool","mutual tool" to "mutual purpose" is not only the product of social and historical development,but also the process of human liberation.As the basic characteristic of the relationship between people after the enlightenment,"mutual tools" replaced "human dependence" by "material dependence".Marx’s thought of "free man Association" holds that human development is a free and all-round development that gets rid of "human dependence" and "material dependence".The process of getting rid of dependence is also the process of human emancipation.In the stage of taking the community as the goal,the backward productive forces limit people’s transformation of nature.In the face of strong natural forces,the pursuit of material materials needs to be realized in the form of group subjects,the realization of individual happiness should be based on the acquisition of community interests,and the particularity of individuals is also explained in the universality of the community,The limited subjectivity of human beings also leads to the thinking of the origin of the world.The community has realized the unity of individual and whole,universal and special,so it has become the embodiment of substantive will.The political life in the community has also become the best form to realize personal interests.Human survival and development depend on the community,and the pursuit of overall unity makes the individual become an instrumental existence.With the development of productivity and science and technology,the traditional communitarianism no longer meets the needs of social and historical development.People realize that the individual freedom in the community is the formal freedom with the community as the "purpose",and the community should be the tool for people to pursue freedom.If the pursuit of freedom wants to break through this "bondage",it must get rid of the state of integration with the community.However,people’s excessive infatuation with rights and freedoms not only makes individualism extreme,but also gradually dispels the role of the community.The manifestation of individual personality is also accompanied by the characteristics of formalization and simplification.Egoism for the purpose of individual overemphasizes the maximization of self-interest,and the relationship between people has become more indifferent and alienated.At the same time,the social relationship between people has also been "materialized" into money and interest relationship,and the unity between individuals is external and alien.Pluralism under the condition of capitalism is not only not conducive to the conflict based on different value judgment standards,but also makes people believe that liberalism and its democratic system are the ultimate destination of human liberation,which denies the diversity of development paths of different countries.The formal equality in the political system covers up the actual inequality,and the pluralism of value orientation is easy to move towards absolutism.The form of community with individual as the purpose regards the pursuit of freedom as the purpose,but this freedom eventually evolves into the pain of the vast majority of people.The thought of free man Association reveals that the process of human liberation is also the process of resolving the contradiction between individual and community.The opposition between "purpose" and "tool" produces an external and alien relationship.The state of mutual purpose between individual and community is the return of human essence.In the natural sense,the "living individual" depends on the primitive community,and the formally independent individual is externally united in the abstract and illusory community.The Commonwealth of free people has become the purpose of the unlimited possibility of individuals.This paper explains the origin of the relationship between individual and community from the logic of ideological history,criticizes the theoretical limitations of individualism and Communitarianism in the transformation of "purpose" and "tool",and reveals the decisive role of the mode of production of material means,It is pointed out that the community,as a specific form of individual existence,is not an external connection for individuals.The transformation from "mutual tool" to "mutual purpose" contains the meaning of human liberation.This paper analyzes the relationship between individual and community in different development stages of human society from the perspective of narrow Marxism,points out the limitations of natural community,abstract and illusory community,reveals the infinite possibility of individual free and all-round development in the free man Union,and provides profound theoretical support for the thought of the common body of human destiny.