Development Of Low Surface Energy Polymer Materials And Research On Anti-adhesion Properties Of Liquids

Anti-liquid-adhesion surface has great application prospects in many fields,such as antifouling（water,oil and corrosive liquids）,self-cleaning,drag reduction,antibacterial and oil-water separation.At present,there are mainly two kinds of anti-liquid-adhesion materials:superlyophobic surfaces with micro/nano rough structure and smooth surface（including slippery liquid-infused porous surface,covalent grafting antifouling monolayer and anti-liquid-adhesion coating based on polymer modification）.Both of these two materials can achieve anti-liquid-adhesion,and the difference of surface characteristics makes them show advantages in different application scenarios,respectively.However,the inherent rigidity and low surface energy of the fine structure limit the strong adhesion between the micro/nano rough structure and the substrate.At the same time,the complexity of the material preparation process also hinders its application in various fields of industry（such as drag reduction of crude oil and oil-water separation）.For smooth surface,the existing polymer modified anti-liquid-adhesion coating can overcome the shortcomings of the other two kinds of smooth coating in the implementation process,wear resistance,and durability,but the use of perfluorinated substances and non-degradable film-forming monomer affects the ecological environment.At the same time,there is little research on the performance of the coating in the anti-adhesion of crude oil.Therefore,based on the above problems,a series of low surface energy polymer materials were prepared in this paper and their anti-liquid-adhesion properties were studied:（1）Utilizing the industrialized spraying method,superamphiphobic coatings were fabricated by spraying the low-surface-energy fluorinated nanoparticles on the surface of a highly adhesive hydrogel primer with high surface adhesion to various substrates,which was prepared previously in the laboratory.The coating not only has excellent antiadhesion to water,various oils and corrosive liquids,but also has rapid contact adhesion to various kinds of substrates,strong and controllable adhesive strength.The self cleaning,patterning,mechanical tensile,wear resistance,and anti-crude-oil-adhesion of the coating were further studied.Furthermore,by adjusting the moisture content of the hydrogel primer,the facile removal,repeatable adhesion,and easy recyclability of the coating were achieved（2）A series of polypropylene（PP）fabrics with different super wettability and roughness were fabricated by modifying the PP fabrics with different amounts of SiO₂nanoparticles.The fabrics with good durability can effectively separate various oil-water mixtures.The performances of W/O and O/W emulsions separated by modified PP fabrics with different pore size and surface energy were experimentally observed,and the underlying separation mechanisms were investigated.（3）A kind of anti-liquid-adhesion coating based on Polyvinyl alcohol（PVA）modification was prepared by using a small amount of PDMS to modify environmentally friendly and degradable polyvinyl alcohol.The effects of PDMS content and crosslinking agent content on the wettability and film forming property of the coating were investigated.The smooth coating has excellent anti-liquid-adhesion performance,good transparency,hardness,chemical stability and wear resistance.Furthermore,it can be used for self-cleaning,anti smudge,anti-vegetable-oil-adhesion and anti-crude-oil-adhesion.