Apopynum venetum L.is a species of Apopynum in the Oleangaceae family.Currently,it is mostly used in the development of health products,but its anti-inflammatory effect is rarely reported.In this paper,apocynum leaves as experimental materials,through response surface methodology(RSM)to optimize the extraction process of apocynum polysaccharides,and the use of biological fermentation technology,apocynum leaves for fermentation,a fermentation product was obtained.By comparing the physical and chemical properties,safety and anti-inflammatory activity of the two products,the advantages and disadvantages of the two processes were determined,which provided sufficient reference basis for the development and effective utilization of apocynum as a cosmetic raw material.In this study,RSM was used to optimize the extraction process of polysaccharides from apocynum leaves,and phenol-sulfuric acid method was used to determine the extraction rate of polysaccharides.The standard curve showed a good linear relationship between the peak area and polysaccharides in the range of 10-50μg/m L,and the correlation coefficient was R~2=0.9972.Under the theoretical conditions,the best extraction conditions:extraction time 3.4 h,solid-liquid ratio 1 g:17.5 m L,extraction temperature 93℃.Un der this technological condition,the theoretical extraction rate of polysaccharides from apocynum leaves was 0.598%,while the actual extraction rate was 0.60%,which was highly consistent with the predicted value of the model,indicating that the theoretical model is of reference and practical significance,and provides reference value for the processing and utilization of polysaccharides from apocynum leaves.In this study,a biological fermentation method was used to ferment apocynum leaves by Saccharomyces cerevisiae.The fermentation conditions:solid-liquid ratio of1 g:10 m L,fermentation temperature of 30℃,fermentation time of 72 h,and inoculation ratio of 1‰.After centrifugation,wall breaking and filtration,the fermentation product of apocynum leaves was obtained,and the extraction rate of polysaccharide was 0.58%.By measuring and comparing the physicochemical properties and microbial content of apocynum polysaccharides and Apocynum fermented product,it was found that the microbial content of both were less,which was in line with the《Technical Specification for Safety of Cosmetics》(2015),but the physicochemical properties of apocynum polysaccharides were slightly better than that of Apocynum fermented product.Through the zebrafish model of apocynum polysaccharides and apocynum fermented product safety evaluation,mortality and malformation rate and hatching rate of three indicators to compare two kinds of products,the results showed that apocynum polysaccharides and the developmental Toxicity of apocynum fermented product is less than the traditional aspirin anti-inflammatory drugs,with reference to the Organization for Economic Co-operation and Development(OECD)’s《Fish Embryo Toxicity》",apocynum polysaccharide aqueous solution after soaking treatment zebrafish Embryo safe concentration in the range of 0.5 mg/m L;The safe concentration range of the fermented product of apocenum after soaking zebrafish embryos is 1%(10 mg/m L).Therefore,both of them are relatively safe in future application,but the safety of the apocynum fermented productsis is much better than apocynum polysaccharides.In this study,tail resection method was used to build a zebra fish validation model,The aggregation capacity of macrophages and neutrophils in the early stage of inflammation and the clearance capacity of macrophages and neutrophils in the middle and late stage of inflammation were used as evaluation indexes.The results showed that apocynum polysaccharides and apocynum fermentation products showed good anti-inflammatory activity in the early and middle stages of inflammation,and showed a concentration-dependent effect.With the increase of concentration,the anti-inflammatory activity also increased.In the early stage of inflammation,0.125~0.5 mg/m L apocynum polysaccharide and 1%apocynum fermentation products can significantly inhibit the aggregation of neutrophils and macrophages to the wound.However,in the middle and late stage of inflammation,0.5 mg/m L apocynum polysaccharide and 0.5%and 1%apocynum fermentation products can significantly promote the clearance of neutrophils and macrophages.However,the anti-inflammatory activity of apocynum polysaccharides is far superior to that of apocynum fermentation products no matter in the early stage or in the middle or late stage of inflammation.In conclusion,apocynum polysaccharides and Apocynum fermented product have anti-inflammatory activity,combined with other physical and chemical indexes,have the potential to be used in daily chemical products. |