| Ischemic heart disease was caused by change of the coronary circulation and imbalance between coronary blood flow and myocardial demand,was a common disease that threated to human health and life seriously.Sustained and severe myocardial ischemia could lead to some acute myocardial necrosis,which caused a myocardial infarction.Epidemiological studies confirmed,ischemic heart disease is the main reason for population mortality in developed countries,In recent years,especially in our country ischemic heart disease have shown rapid growth trend in the developing world,it has become one of the major diseases that threaten human health,Ischemic heart disease showing rapid growth trend,had become one of the major diseases that threaten human health,So preparation for myocardial ischemia model and anti-ischemic drugs were of great significance.1 Research on a method of repeated myocardial ischemia to myocardial infarction model in ratsObjective:This study aimed to confirm model of the repeated myocardial ischemia to myocardial infarction model in rats.Methods:The model was induced by injecting vasopressin repeatedly via the tail vein slowly for several days and ligating the left anterior descending coronary directly.After that the electrocardiogram、serum enzyme activity were measured to determine the best conditions for the model;The biochemical indicators(creatine kinase(CK-MB),actate dehydrogenase(LDH),alanine aminotransferase(ALT)),myocardial infarction volume were measured and Tongxinluo capsule was choose as positive drug to verify the new model’s feasibility used as evaluate traditional Chinese medicine’s anti-ischemic effects.Results:The results showed that in the appear time of myocardial ischemia the vasopressin 15u/kg group was lower significantly than the vasopressin 7.5u/kg group,duration of myocardial ischemia vasopressin 15u/kg group(>20min)was longer significantly than the vasopressin(7.5u/kg)group,death cases of the vasopressin(15u/kg)group was lower than the vasopressin(30u/kg)group;the duration of myocardial ischemia asopressin 3d group was higher than 30min,change in myocardial enzyme of asopressin 3d group was smaller than the other group,death cases of asopressin 3d group not appear;Myocardial infarction volume Tongxinluo capsule group was lower significantly than model group(p<0.05),serum enzyme(LDH,CK-MB,ALT)activity was lower significantly than model group(p<0.05).Conclusion:(1)Injecting vasopressin 15u/kg via the tail vein 3 days continuously and combined with coronary artery ligation was the best modeling conditions.(2)The model of repeated myocardial ischemia to myocardial infarction model is adapted to evaluate the anti-ischemic effect of traditional Chinese medicine.2 Compatibility screening of PNS(Panax Notoginseng Saponins)and Safflower extraction.Objective:To determine the effective dose range of PNS and safflower extrac and the best compatibility proportion of PNS and safflower.Methods:(1)The acute myocardial ischemia model in rats was built by ligating LAD.After that the myocardial infarction volume、enzyme activity were measured to determine the the effective dose range of PNS and safflower extract.(2)The optimal ratio between the composition of the compound was determined by orthogonal test(L9(34))according to the experimental results.(3)The acute myocardial ischemia model was used to verify the reliability of the orthogonal test’s conclusions.Results:The results showed:(1)Each dose group of PNS and safflower extract could inhibit the increasing of the activity of enzymes(CK,AST,LDH,ALT)variously,among them PNS(180、20 mg/kg)group and safflower extract(200、50mg/kg)group’CK activities was lower than model group significantly(p<0.05);PNS(180mg/kg)group and safflower extract(200、50mg/kg)group’s AST、ALT activities was lower than model group significantly(p<0.05);LDH、ALT activities of PNS(20mg/kg)group was lower than model group significantly(p<0.05);PNS(20mg/kg)and safflower extract(100mg/kg)could reduce the myocardial infarction volume significantly.(2)PNS(60mg/kg)、safflower extract(50mg/kg)was the optimal dose and the best ratio of PNS safflower compound was 6:5.(3)PNS safflower compound(110、55mg/kg)could reduce infarct size in rat heart significantly,and inhibite the elevation of serum enzyme(AST,LDH,CK)activities differently.It showed PNS safflower compound has a protective effect on myocardial ischemia,orthogonal test conclusions was reliable.Conclusion:(1)PNS(20-180mg/kg),safflower extract(50-200mg/kg)were their effective dose range of their anti-ischemic effects.(2)PNS(60mg/kg)、safflower extract(50mg/kg)was the optimal dose and the best ratio of PNS safflower compound was 6:5.3 The pharmacodynamic study of pseudo-ginseng safflower compound anti-myocardial ischemiaObjective:To evaluation PNS safflower extract compound’s anti-ischemic effects,and analyze its effect link by the compound improved heart function,freed radical scavenging,reduced blood viscosity,improved blood rheology.etc.Methods:(1)The model was built by ligating LAD,observating the protective effect of PNS safflower compound on acute myocardial ischemia.(2)The myocardial ischemia reperfusion injury modle was built by ligating the left anterior descending coronary for 2 hours,then reperfued 72 hours.After that the heart function,inflammatory cytokines,oxidative stress,myocardial apoptosis and pathological evaluation index were measured to evaluate the compound’s anti-myocardial ischemia-reperfusion injury effects.(3)The modle was built by injecting vasopressin 15u/kg via the tail vein 3 days continuously and combined with coronary artery ligation,selected the blood viscosity,erythrocyte aggregation as indicators to observe the protective effect of PNS safflower compound on myocardial ischemia.(4)Select arteriovenous shunt thrombosis model to observe PNS safflower compound’s antithrombotic effect.(5)Observating PNS safflower compound’s effect on right common carotid artery blood flow、blood pressure and vascular resistance by duodenal administration.Results:(1)The results showed:PNS safflower compound(55、27.5mg/kg)could significantly reduce infarct size in rat heart compared with model group,PNS safflower compound could significantly inhibited the elevation of serum enzyme(AST、LDH)activities compared with model group(P<0.05,P<0.01);PNS safflower compound(55mg/kg)could significantly inhibite the elevation of serum enzyme(CK-MB)activity compared with model group(P<0.05).(2)PNS safflower compound(110、55、27.5mg/kg)inhibited cardiac function’s decreasion,inhibited LVSP、+dp/dtmax、-dp/dtmax’s decreasion,PNS safflower compound(110、55mg/kg)had obviously effect compared with model group(P<0.05);PNS safflower compound(110mg/kg)could significantly inhibite MDA,IL-1β,IL-6,TNF-α,LT-B4’s rises in myocardial tissue compared with model group(P<0.05).Histological examination showed each dose of PNS safflower compound could reduce ischemia-reperfusion injury significantly,redue the number and scope of injury differently,small pieces infarctions were appeared in the anterior wall of the left ventricle or cardiac septal site,inflammatory cell infiltration(mainly neutrophils)was visible in infarct zone.(3)PNS safflower compound(110、55、27.5mg/kg)reduced the scope of myocardial infarction,wherein thirty-seven PNS safflower compound(110、55 mg/kg)group had obvious effect(compared with model group P<0.05);Each dose of PNS safflower compound also could inhibite the blood viscosity,erythrocyte aggregation index obviously(compared with model group,P<0.01,P<0.05).(4)PNS safflower compound(110、55、27.5mg/kg)could significantly reduce the loop arteriovenous thrombus wet weight,dry weight compared with model group(P<0.05,P<0.01).(5)Each dose of PNS safflower compound could inhibited the decline of right common carotid artery blood flow,increase of vascular resistance compared with model group(P<0.05).Conclusion:(1)PNS safflower compound could protect myocardial ischemia tissue by reducing serum enzyme activity and cardiac infarct size in rats.(2)PNS safflower compound could inhibit inflammation,reduce oxidative stress injury caused by myocardial ischemia and reperfusion injury.(3)PNS safflower compound’s protective effects on myocardial ischemia related to its function of improving abnormal blood rheology.(4)PNS safflower compound’s protective effects on myocardial ischemia related to its antithrombotic function.(5)PNS safflower compound’s protective effects on myocardial ischemia related to its function of reducing vascular resistance. |
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