Study On Infrared Characterization Of Fritillaria Medicinal Materials

Bulbus Fritillaria(in Chinese named Beimu),referred to the bulbs of several Fritillaria species,was commonly used in Traditional Chinese Medieine(TCM)for relieving cough and resolving phlegm for more than 2000years.As they have numorous varieties and similar shapes,it is easy for people to confuse them.However,different species and different origins of fritillaria,contain different effective ingredients which can also lead to the corresponding differences in clinical efficacy.So people should distinguish them carefully when use it.So we urgently need a rapid,accurate and comprehensive method to evaluate the quality of Fritillaria.The Infrared Spectra(IR)of TCM superposition spectra of each constituent in the system,which will show us the full information of TCM.The IR of TCM refer to the superposition of each constituent in the system,which will show us the quality of TCM comprehensively.This article has systematically studied the qualitative identification of Fritillaria by IR,including 8 different species of Fritillaria:songbei(SB),qingbei(QB),lubei(LB),taibaibeimu(TBBM),yibeimu(YBM),zhebeimu(ZBM),hubeibeimu(HBBM),pingbeimu(PBM)and 11 different market specifications of PBM.The content of total alkaloid and polysaccharide was also measured,and the extract was analyzed by IR at the same time.So as to offer method to realize both qualitative and quantitative identification associated with clinical effect of different Fritillaria from the whole to the partial.The conclusions are as follows:1.The tri-step IR macro-fingerprint method research on different FritillariaUsing the tri-step IR macro-fingerprint method,the identification of different species of Fritillaria can be achieved.Through the IR spectrum of Fritillaria,we can see O-H stretching vibration absorption at about 3400cm-1,C-H anti-symmetric stretching vibration absorption at 2926-2927cm-1,three ladder-like pointed peak at 1160-1163cm-1,1080-1083cm-1,983-988cm-1,which all belong to the peak of C=O stretching vibration.And also peak at about 1646-1648cm-1,which belongs to the peak of O-H bending vibration.Three moderate peak at about 1458-1463cm-1,1415-1424cm-1,1371-1375cm-1,which belong to the peak of C-H bending vibration.A set of sugar ring skeleton vibration absorption peak at about 928cm-1,859cm-1,764cm-1,710cm-1,607cm-1,575cm-1,527cm-1,439cm-1.The differe nce of the classic IR spectrum of different Fritillaries mainly lies in the differe nces of the relative strength of the following peaks:the peak of 1646-1648cm-1(marked as peak 1),Three moderate peak at about 1458-1463cm-1,1415-1424cm-1,1371-1375cm-1(marked as peak 2),three ladder-like pointed peak at 1160-1163 cm-1,1080-1083cm-1,983-988cm-1(marked as peak 3).For SB,QB,LB,peakl is weaker than peak2.While for ZBM,PBM peakl is stronger than peak2.For TBBM,YBM,HBBM,peak1 is the same intensity as peak2.Through the classic IR spectra,we can divide all of them to 3 groups:SB,QB,LB;ZBM,PBM and TBBM,YBM,HBBM.Through the two-dimensional correlation infrared spectrum(2D-COS),we can distinguish TBBM,YBM,ZBM,HBBM,PBM from each other.As to different market specication of PBM,peakl is all stronger than peak2 and they all have small inflection point at 1515cm-1 which is quite different from SB,QB,LB.That can be used to identify the fake SB.2.The overall IR research on FritillariesThe main components of Fritillaries is starch.The difference of the classic IR spectrum of different Fritillaries mainly lies in the differences of the relative strength of the following peaks:the peak of 1646-1648cm-1(marked as peak 1),Three moderate peak at about 1458-1463cm-1,1415-1424cm-1,1371-1375cm-1(marked as peak 2),three ladder-like pointed peak at 1160-1163cm-1,1080-1083cm-1,983-988cm-1(marked as peak 3).It means that different Fritillaries may have different content of total alkaloid and polysaccharide.For SB,QB,LB,peakl is weaker than peak2,which implies that the ratio of the total alkaloid and total polysaccharide in SB,QB,LB is lower than others.While for for FWR,FTM,peakl is stronger than peak2,which implies that the ratio of the total alkaloid and total polysaccharide in FWR and FTM is higher than others.The classic IR spectra of total alkaloid extracts of SB,QB,LB all have stronger ester bond absorption peak at 1737-1739cm-1 than peak at 1703-1713cm-1.While for others,peak at 1737-1739cm-1 is weaker than peak at 1703-1713cm-1.This may be related to better clinical curative effect of SB,QB,LB.And on the second derivative spectra of SB,at the peak of 1660,1647,1630cm-1,there is an extra absorption peak of 1647cm-1 while other species do not have,which suggests that the unsaturated ring structure of SB is quite different from others.SB,QB,LB has a strong absorption peak at 1027cm-1,while FTP has an absorption peak at 1038cm-1,which means the continent here is quite different.3.The total alkaloid and polysaccharide content determination of Fritillaries.The content of total alkaloid of SB,QB,LB are relatively lower and the content of total polysaccharide are relatively higher than others.The content of total alkaloid and polysaccharide of FTP is medium.While the content of total alkaloid of FWR,FTM,FHH are relatively higher and the content of total polysaccharide are relatively lower than others.The results reveal that,the quality evaluation of the fritillaries,should take the ratio of total alkaloid and polysaccharide content into account.Fritillaries with relatively low total alkaloid content and higher polysaccharide content is better.