The Reception Of Gender Consciousness In Whitman's "Leaves Of Grass" In China

Gender consciousness is one of the important themes in Whitman's Leaves of Grass,including gender equality,sexual activities,body and soul,love between men and women,and love between men and women.Deeply influenced by the USA Feminist Movement,Whitman is a poet who speaks for women's rights,emphasizing gender equality and praises mothers by writing about "sex".The translation and introduction of Whitman's works in China began during the May Fourth Movement.In July 1919,Tian Han worte The Centennial Sacrifice of The Popular Poet Whitman in the first issue of Younth China to introduce an American poet,Whitman,and his work Leaves of Grass.Since then,Whitman and his works have been translated and introduced in China for about 100 years.The reception of gender consciousness in Whitman's Leaves of Grass in China is a dynamic process.Influenced by the historical background,intellectuals paid much attention to " Leaves of Grass " on the politics at first,such as the theme of democracy,freedom and equality in the poetry.The gender consciousness in the book was not paid attention to at this stage,and there was little translation and research on the related poems.After the reform and opening up,Chinese translators and scholars began to translate and study Whitman and his works in large quantities.Studies on Whitman in the new period became comprehensive and mature.With more translation of Whitman's work in China,the gender consciousness in Leaves of Grass has gradually attracted the attention of researchers.During this period,two high-quality Chinese versions of Leaves of Grass were produced.The first one was published in 1987 by the People's Literature Publishing House,translated by Chu Tunan and Li Yeguang,and this is the first Chinese version of Leaves of Grass.It was first partially translated by Chu Tunan,focusing on the political theme,and Li Yeguang translated the rest of the book.Li yeguang translated and studied the poems related to gender consciousness and made a pioneering contribution to the reception of gender consciousness in " Leaves of Grass " in China.At the same time,this translation reflects a strong sense of male subjectivity.The second one is published by Shanghai Translation Publishing House in 1991,translated by Zhao Luorui.The translator adopts the translation strategy of literal translation.Therefore,the gender consciousness reflected in the translation is more comprehensive and objective.In addition,the translator's own female perspective also makes female subjectivity more obvious in this version.