The Empirical Research On The Scientific Argumentation Elements In The Examination Paper

With the heat wave of curriculum reform in the 21st century,many countries gradually turn their attention to scientific demonstration.Nowadays,in this era of rapid development of science and technology,education is not only about impart knowledge to answer questions,but also about cultivating comprehensive talents that meet the needs of The Times and society.In science education,scientific thinking is an important logical ability.Scientific argumentation activities can promote the exercise of scientific thinking,so the cultivation of scientific argumentation ability becomes crucial.However,from the current situation of students,there are many problems related to the education of scientific demonstration,such as the guidance goal of demonstration education is not clear enough,the model of scientific demonstration is not complete,the education method of scientific demonstration is not clear,and there are few researches on the evaluation of scientific demonstration.Based on this situation,the author starts from the argumentation thought close to the students,according to the existing situation of education on the idea of scientific argumentation education in the high school entrance examination,according to the research status and problems,the specific scientific argumentation test questions and reflect the scientific argumentation elements of the test questions are defined.The paper selects the middle school examination papers with evaluation value for junior high school students and uses various methods such as content analysis method as the research object.It adopts literature research method,content analysis method,case analysis method and other research methods to study the elements of scientific argumentation from the three dimensions of knowledge content,presentation mode and examination level.The purpose of this paper is to clarify the argumentation questions containing the elements of scientific argumentation in the science examination paper,and to provide information for the effective evaluation of the level of students' scientific argumentation in the future.This paper consists of five parts: The first part summarizes the background and significance of the argumentation;The second part of this paper mainly from five aspects: Firstly,the background,current situation and significance of the research are sorted out;Secondly,the concept and content of scientific argumentation are reviewed.The third part is the research design,which defines the elements of the scientific demonstration in this paper,establishes the differentiated dimensions of the test paper analysis framework,and selects the research strategies that can solve the problems.The fourth part is the detail of the elements of scientific demonstration.The elements of scientific demonstration are defined,the analysis framework of the elements is established from three research dimensions,and the research methods are determined according to the research problems.The fourth part is the statistical analysis of the concrete scientific demonstration elements.Finally,statistical results are obtained and research suggestions are put forward,and sample questions containing scientific demonstration elements are attempted.Through the research found that the scientific demonstration test questions in the high school entrance examination mainly test the ability of students to draw conclusions and evaluate opinions,and more combined with the knowledge of physics,chemistry and biology and presented in a meaningful chart,different elements of the test difficulty is different,the overall difficulty is medium and partial.