Preparetion Of Porous Carbon Materials By Hard Template Method And Its Study On Electrochemical Performance

Porous carbon materials have broad application prospects in the fields of electrochemistry,biomedicine,and catalysis due to their many advantages.Among them,the application of porous carbon materials in the electrochemical direction has caused research and exploration by many scientists.In this paper,porous carbon materials with different morphologies were prepared by using appropriate hard templates,and their electrochemical performances as electrode materials in the direction of supercapacitors were explored.The main research contents of the paper are as follows:1)Nitrogen-doped mesoporous carbon tube（NMCT）was prepared using halloysite as hard template and 3-aminophenol monomer as carbon/nitrogen precursor by a monomer self-deposition strategy.This experiment systematically investigated the effects of pyrolysis temperature and the mass ratio of 3-aminophenol/halloysite on the morphology,structure and electrochemical performance of the prepared NMCT.When the pyrolysis temperature is 800℃ and the mass ratio of 3-aminophenol/halloysite is 2,the obtained NMCT has a hollow tube structure,high specific surface area(1071 m²g^-1),abundant mesoporous（3.6 nm）and high nitrogen content（4.04%）.When used as an electrode material,NMCT has a high specific capacitance of 269 F g^-1at 0.5 A g^-1.This method provides an idea to using natural aluminosilicate as template to prepare high-performance carbon materials easily and inexpensively for electrochemical applications.2)Nitrogen-doped mesoporous carbon block（NMCB）was prepared using ZSM-5 as hard template and 3-aminophenol monomer as carbon/nitrogen precursor by a monomer self-deposition strategy.The method combined the simple operation of mixing grinding and direct pyrolysis.This experiment investigated the effect of the mass ratio of3-aminophenol/ZSM-5 on the results.When the ratio is 0.3,the prepared NMCB has a higher specific surface area,larger mesoporous and abundant doping of nitrogen and oxygen elements,providing favorable conditions for the improvement of electrochemical performance.The NMCB as an electrode material displays a high specific capacitance of273 F g^-1and high cycle life of 95.4%.3)Mesoporous carbon sheet（MCS）with tunable pore size was prepared by changing the volume ratio of ethanol to water in the system with SiO₂as hard template.When the volume ratio is 0.5,the prepared MCS shows a typical sheet-like morphology,exhibiting the largest specific surface area(970 m²g^-1),pore volume(1.15 cm³g^-1)and pore size（5.7nm）,which is extremely beneficial for ion transmission in supercapacitors.As an electrode material,MCS exhibits excellent specific capacitance(258 F g^-1)at 0.5 A g^-1,higher rate performance（81.0%）and high energy density of 16.9 Wh kg^-1,which shows that it has huge potential in the application of electrode materials.