Study On The Marine Environmental Behavior And Impact Factors Of Six Typical Hazardous Chemicals

Since the leakage of hazardous chemicals into the sea will affect the marine ecosystem,human health and the national economy,it has received widespread attention.At present,the environmental behavior of hazardous chemicals after entering the sea is one of the research hotspots.According to the European Classification of Chemicals(SEBC),this study established laboratory simulation methods for the environmental behavior of six typical hazardous chemicals,and explored the impact of major environmental factors on the environmental behavior of hazardous chemicals.A case study was conducted on the environmental behavior of two types of hazardous chemicals with a high incidence of accidents in the waters of Daya Bay after they were leaked into the sea.The research results provide basic data support for the early warning and prevention of hazardous chemical leakage accidents.The paper mainly obtained the following research results:1.A simulation study on the environmental behavior of six typical hazardous chemicals under the influence of major environmental factors was conducted.After the floating dissolved hazardous chemical 1-phenylethanol leaked into the sea,the liquid film floated on the sea surface.At the same time,with the dissolution,the concentration increased with the leakage,temperature,wind speed,and salinity.Nonylphenol is a typical floating hazardous chemical.Temperature,salinity and leakage were positively correlated with the film shrinkage behavior of nonylphenol,while wind speed was negatively correlated with the film shrinkage behavior of nonylphenol.Since the sedimentation hazardous chemical bisphenol A is insoluble in water,it mainly diffuses vertically after it leaks into the sea.The leakage volume and salinity had a significant role in promoting its diffusion,while the wind speed was the opposite.1,2dichloroethane is difficult to dissolve in water and has a higher density than water.It would rapidly diffuse vertically after it leaked into the sea.With the dissolution and diffusion behavior,the leakage and salinity would promote its level and verticality diffusion.Temperature had no obvious influence on the two effects.Floating evaporation dissolving hazardous chemicals butyl acrylate can dissolve in water but has low solubility.After leaking into the sea,the liquid film would diffuse,part of it would quickly evaporate,and a small part would dissolve and diffuse into the water body.The increase in leakage would promote the shrinkage of the liquid film and the increase in temperature promoted dissolution and diffusion,and the wind speed significantly increased its evaporation.Acrylonitrile is a typical dissolving and evaporating hazardous chemical.The evaporation rate of acrylonitrile is positively correlated with leakage volume and temperature.The diffusivity of acrylonitrile decreases with the increase of temperature and increases with the increase of leakage.2.In view of the high incidence of hazardous chemicals in the Daya Bay Petrochemical Zone,the environmental behavior of nonylphenol,acrylonitrile,and bisphenol A leaking into the sea was analyzed by measuring the meteorological and hydrological environmental parameters of the local sea area,so as to provide support for the local emergency measures.After the leakage of nonylphenol,the liquid film will be transferred to the shore after 1.3-3.9 h.A barrier belt should be set up as soon as possible to reduce the further diffusion of nonylphenol.After acrylonitrile spill,seawater containing acrylonitrile will reach the shore in 1.3 to 3.9 h,while the air mass containing acrylonitrile will affect coastal residents in the winter after 1.5 to 4.6 h.bisphenol A will sink to the bottom,the position is relatively fixed.It should be salvaged as the main clean-up measures.