Research On Wetland Park Planning Based On Healthy Development Of Mangrove Wetland

At present,the restoration and protection of mangrove wetlands in China is gradually being valued by the society,and the construction of mangrove wetland parks is one of the effective measures to protect the mangrove wetland ecosystem.There are many methods for restoration and conservation of existing mangrove wetland parks,and mangrove health assessment is the most successful system for quantifying indicators.The main problems facing the construction of existing mangrove wetland parks are: the survival rate of newly planted mangrove plants is low,and the plant diversity is declining;the water quality and soil conditions are good in the early stage,but decline in the middle and later stages;some mangrove wetland parks have historical Non-point source pollution caused by leftover breeding ponds,etc.;due to reclamation or degradation,the circulation of the ecosystem is reduced,and the energy circulation capacity is reduced.The existing scientific research data mainly focus on the study of single species and the study of the ecological function of mangroves.There is a lack of assessment of the overall health of mangrove plant communities,and a lack of research on the overall planning method of mangrove wetland parks.This paper mainly takes the representative mangrove wetland park in the Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macao Greater Bay Area—Guangdong Taishan Town Bay Mangrove National Wetland Park as the research object.The investigation and evaluation of external threats and disturbances were conducted to find out the health risks existing in Zhenhai Bay Mangrove Wetland Park.This paper proposes a set of wetland park planning methods based on the healthy development of mangroves and applies them to the planning practice of Zhenhai Bay Mangrove Wetland Park.The main findings are as follows:(1)Through the health evaluation of Zhenhai Bay Mangrove Wetland,the elements that need to be further improved are: ecological sequence integrity,plant diversity,comprehensive index of water pollution,nutritional status index,wetland reclamation rate,alien invasive species and species of pests and diseases.Therefore,in the improvement plan,it is necessary to sort out the vegetation situation,build plant communities in different intertidal zones,deal with water pollution through lowimpact means,carry out ecological restoration of reclaimed fish ponds,and increase the occurrence rate of native tree species in the park.,and control pests.(2)This paper proposes a wetland park planning method based on the healthy development of mangroves,and discusses from three aspects: planning objectives,planning principles,and approaches to the healthy design of mangrove wetlands.Among them,the healthy design of mangrove wetlands includes four elements:biological community and structure design,soil and water environment design,external threat and disturbance design,and biosafety design.(3)The establishment of a mangrove wetland park is one of the effective ways to protect the mangrove ecosystem.Using the wetland park planning method based on the healthy development of mangroves,planning and design can provide a pathway for better succession and self-healing of the mangrove ecosystem.Therefore,suggestions are made for Taishan Town Bay Mangrove Wetland Park: targeted planning positioning and goals are proposed,and special design schemes are proposed for four aspects: biological community and structure design,water and soil environment design,external threat and interference design,and biosafety design.,and combined with regional characteristics and recreational needs,to create an ecologically healthy and experience-rich Zhenhai Bay mangrove wetland landscape.