| Cucurbit[n]urils(Q[n]s)are a new class of highly symmetric pumpkin-like macrocyclic host molecules developed after the supramolecular chemistry of crown ethers,cyclodextrins and calixarenes,and Q[n]-chemistry,especially in the field of supramolecular self-assembly,has made remarkable progress.Generally,Q[n]s have a pumpkin-like structure with open cavities at both ends,the two ports have the same size,and the diameter of the cavity is larger than the diameter of the port.Electrostatic potential of the hydrophobic cavity of Q[n]s is nearly neutral,electrostatic potential of the surrounding port carbonyl oxygen atoms of Q[n]s is negative,and electrostatic potential of the outer surface of Q[n]s is positive.The structural characteristics of Q[n]s make the application field of Q[n]s very wide,and the Q[n]-based supramolecular and self-assembly chemistry have a wide application prospect in materials,life sciences and other important fields.Out Surface Interaction of Q[n]s(OSIQ)can be divided into three types: self-induced-,anion-induced-and aromatic-induced-OSIQ and the construction of various Q[n]-based supramolecular frameworks through OSIQs have become the most important research content in key laboratory of macrocyclic and supramolecular chemistry of Guizhou province in recent years.In this thesis,we focus on the Q[n]-calixarene-based supramolecular frameworks driven by OSIQs.We first constructed a novel supramolecular framework of Q[8] and4-sulfocalix[6]arene(SC[6]A).This Q[8]/SC[6]A-based supramolecular framework is a product via the perfect combination of self-,anion-and aromatic-induced OSIQs.This framework has the characteristics of easy preparation and high stability with the most important feature being the sequence selective capture of specific metal cations,such as common alkali-and alkaline earth metal ions,and renewability.Thus,this framework may be used in seawater desalination,potassium ion enrichment,radioactive cesium ion pollution source treatment,Gruinard’s treatment or water softening and other applications.which is a perfect combination of.The construction of Q[8]/SC[6]A-based supramolecular framework provides ideas for the subsequent construction of new Q[n]/SC[n]A-based supramolecular frameworks and their applications.We choose different Q[n]s and calixarenes to construct new supramolecular frameworks and explore their applications.In this chapter,Q[5],Q[6],TMe Q[6],Q[7],Q[8])were selected as building blocks to react with 4-sulfocalix[4]arene(SC[4]A),respectively,and five novel Q[n]/SC[4]A-based supramolecular frameworks,namely Q[5]/SC[4]A,Q[6]/SC[4]A,TMe Q[6]/SC[4]A,Q[7]/SC[4]A,Q[8]/SC[4]A,were prepared in hydrochloric acid medium with different concentrations,and their structures were also characterized by using different techniques.In the experimental process,we found that the supramolecular framework constructed by melon ring and calixarene also had solid fluorescence characteristics In the experimental process,we found that these five Q[n]/SC[4]A-based supramolecular frameworks also showed the clustering-triggered emission(CTE),so it was possible to directly investigate the adsorption response of volatile organic compounds by Q[n]/SC[4]A-based supramolecular frameworks without additional fluorescent dyes.In this chapter,five above Q[n]/SC[4]A-based supramolecular frameworks with clustering-triggered emission characteristics were used to study the adsorption response of 15 kinds of volatile organic compounds(trichloromethane;1,2-dichloroethane;Tetrahydrofuran;Benzene;Toluene;Xylene;Acetone.Ethyl ether;Acetonitrile;Formaldehyde;Methanol;Ethanol;Pyridine.N,N-dimethylformamide;2,4,5-trifluoronitrobenzene(2,4,5-trifluoronitrobenzene),and the results showed that they showed good response performance to some volatile organic compounds,which could be used in the application of fluorescence sensors. |
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