Preliminary Study On The Effect Of Free L-carnitine In Blood On Cardiovascular System

This research aims at discussing the level of free L-carnitine in the blood of Mongolian herdsmen who mainly eat meat and its effects on fatty acid profiles,trimethylamine oxide（TMAO）concentrations,blood lipids and myocardial enzyme levels.The effects of L-carnitine on the cardiovascular system are preliminarily understood.The recruitment of 50 meat-eating Mongolian herdsmen and 12 urban vegetarians is conducted,and the detection on their blood lipids and myocardial enzyme levels is carried out.Through HPLC,the free L-carnitine concentration in blood is tested.Through UPLC-MS/MS,the concentrations of trimethylamine（TMA）and TMAO are tested.Through GC-MS,the fatty acid composition is tested.Through q-PCR,the FMO3and CYP7A1 gene expression are tested.The following is the result:1、Reaching（35.87±5.51）μmol/L,the level of free L-carnitine in the blood of the meat eater group was significantly higher than that of the vegetarian group（31.54±1.87）μmol/L（P<0.05）.With similar blood fatty acid composition of the meat eater group and the vegetarian group,the content was different,in which the EPA content reached 0.62%and 0.34%respectively.The desaturation index 16:1cis/16:0 and18:1cis/18:0 of the vegetarian group were both highly significantly lower that that of the meat eater group（P<0.01）.2、The concentrations of HDL-C were（1.81±0.50）mmol/L and（1.33±0.42）mmol/L respectively for the meat eater group and the vegetarian group.The CYP7A1 gene expression was 2.86±1.77 and 1.66±1.90 respectively,which existed the significant differences（P<0.05）.3、The FMO3 gene expression were 0.59±0.67 and 1.20±0.92 respectively for the meat eater group and the vegetarian group;the TMAO concentration was（30.73±100.59）μmol/L and（107.04±169.97）μmol/L respectively,which existed the significant differences（P<0.05）.4、（162.12±22.20）U/L and（183.33±30.24）U/L were the concentrations of LDH respectively.（113.73±31.51）U/L and（136.42±44.32）U/L were the concentrations of CK respectively,which both presented significant difference（P<0.05）.Na⁺K⁺-ATPase and Ca²⁺Mg²⁺-ATPase had significant differences between the two groups（P<0.05）.5、The concentration of free L-carnitine in blood had positive correlation with EPA（R=0.398）,n-3 fatty acid（R=0.441）,CYP7A1 gene expression（R=0.049）and HDL-C concentration（R=0.498）（P<0.05）;which had a significantly negative correlation with arachidonic acid（R=-0.318）,n-6/n-3 value（R=-0.430）and LDH concentration（R=-0.313）（P<0.05）.According to the research,it indicates that the concentration of free L-carnitine in the blood of meat herders increases.The functions of L-carnitine are to improve fatty acid desaturation,enhance EPA,decline arachidonic acid composition,improve fatty acid metabolism,and strengthen CYP7A1 gene expression and HDL-C concentration,indirectly inhibit FMO3 gene expression and TMAO concentration,decrease the myocardial enzyme concentration,so a protective effect on the cardiovascular system is embodied.