| With the increasing demand for electricity and the increasingly serious problems of energy shortage and environmental pollution,under the development strategy of renewable energy and electric energy substitution,the participation of demand side resources such as distributed energy,demand response and electric vehicles in power system planning has become the main development trend of the power industry.Virtual power plants participate in the power market through the aggregation control of distributed energy resource and the coordination and dispatching of demand-side resources,realizing the large-scale consumption,optimal allocation and utilization of clean energy,and improving the power supply stability of the power system.For the purpose of exploring the internal operation mechanism of virtual power plant,solve the contradiction between power supply and demand,and realize the balanced development of power system economy and low carbon.Firstly,this paper carries out demand side management research based on user load characteristics and analyzes the powerload distribution of different users on typical days.Secondly,a regional virtual power plant including wind turbine,photovoltaic unit,distributed gas turbine,energy storage battery,electric vehicle mobile energy storage and user load is constructed,and the electrical equipment and specific working principle in the virtual power plant are modeled and analyzed.On this basis,a two-stage Stackelberg dynamic game model of virtual power plant operators and users under the mechanism of electricity market and carbon trading market is established to maximize the utility of both supply and demand sides.In the model,the virtual power plant operator issues and formulates the electricity price and subsidy price for internal users,and delivers electricity to the external market by coordinating and scheduling supply and demand resources,and provides peak regulation service at the same time.Peak subsidy funds are used as the benchmark of demand response incentive subsidy.Users in the system consider their own power demand elasticity and respond according to the price signal and subsidy mechanism.The existence and uniqueness of model equilibrium solutions are analyzed.Finally,based on practical examples and typical daily electricity load data of different users,the differential balanced interaction strategies between virtual power plant operators and various users are solved,and differentiated internal electricity price and power load regulation measures are formulated for industrial users,commercial users and residential users.The paper also improves the traditional carbon trading model by adding stepped carbon price to explore the influence of carbon price on equilibrium user price and equilibrium system scheduling under different power demand elasticity and tOU price.Finally,the sensitivity analysis of the key parameters of the model,such as the length of the carbon emission trading volume interval and the installed gas turbine capacity,is carried out,and the validity and applicability of the model is verified by numerical examples.The research results can provide a reference for the early planning and design of the virtual power plant system to reasonably schedule resources,adjust the load demand,solve the contradiction between supply and demand,and realize the peak load regulating service of the power grid.At the same time,it can also provide method guidance for the realization of low carbon coordinated development of system economy,which has certain theoretical significance and application value. |
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