Application Of Innovative Extraction Methods Utilizing Carbon-Based Sorbents In The Analysis Of Food Samples

Carbon-based materials are materials with carbon as the main constituent element.Due to their unique physicochemical properties,carbon-based materials have been widely used in fields such as catalytic chemistry,electrochemistry,biomedical science,and energy chemistry.In the field of separation science,carbon-based materials also play an extremely important role.Carbon-based materials represented by fullerenes,carbon nanotubes,graphene,and some amorphous carbons have good hydrophobic properties.On this basis,a variety of functional groups can be modified on the material surface to prepare adsorbents that can use various interactions such as hydrophobic,polar,and electrostatic forces to separate/enrich target analytes.However,the above carbon-based adsorbents generally have the drawback of a long and tedious preparation process.In addition,carbon nanomaterials(e.g.,graphene),which are commonly used as carbon-based adsorbents,have been reported in literature to have issues with cell toxicity and biocompatibility in recent years,which has attracted more and more attention and concern from researchers.In order to break through the technological bottleneck,this study uses a "convenient and inexpensive,eco-friendly" method to prepare carbon-based adsorbents and develops a new sample pretreatment technique as follows:1.The biomass-derived carbon aerogel was prepared using pyrolysis carbonization method.This simple process results in a high specific surface area of the biomass-derived carbon material without the need for further material modification,effectively enhancing the enrichment ability of the biomass-derived carbon material for target compounds.The prepared biomass-derived carbon aerogel was loaded into the tip of a pipette as a solid-phase microextraction(SPME)fiber.When combined with gas chromatography-mass spectrometry(GC-MS)analysis,it was able to efficiently and rapidly detect the residues of organophosphorus,organochlorine,and pyrethroid pesticides in fresh fruit and vegetable juices.2.A magnetic graphite adsorbent was prepared by physically blending graphite powder with iron oxide nanoparticles,and was used for magnetic solid-phase extraction(MSPE)technology.Graphite has delocalized π-bonds within each layer,which can effectively enrich specific compounds through π-πelectron stacking as an adsorbent.Iron oxide nanoparticles confer magnetism to the graphite powder,facilitating the solid-liquid separation process during the extraction step.The newly established MSPE technology can be coupled with gas chromatography-mass spectrometry(GC-MS)analysis to perform high-throughput analysis of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons(PAHs)in edible oil samples.