Preparation Of Infant Embryo Retention Rice Flour By Predestination-Restriction Enzymolysis And It S Effect On Intestinal Flora Of Mice

The infant and toddler period is a critical period for human growth and development,and the choice of food during the infant and toddler period is directly related to the health of infants and toddlers.Research shows that compared with ordinary refined rice,rice with embryo contains a relatively complete dextrin layer,pearl layer,and embryo,so rice flour with embryo has richer natural nutrition.The dietary fiber contained in germ-retained rice helps to improve the structure of the intestinal flora of infants and children,which is beneficial to their health.In this study,we used the pre-paste process of roasting and low-temperature extrusion,combined with restriction enzymatic digestion to prepare the rice flour with embryos,and studied the quality of the rice flour with embryos and its effect on the intestinal flora of mice.The details of the study and the experimental results are as follows:(1)The pre-gelatinization process conditions were optimized,and the properties of infant germ rice flour produced under the optimal process conditions were investigated.The results showed that when the rice flour was roasted at medium temperature(18 min),the aroma of the rice flour was rich and mellow,with caramel,cream,and fruitwood aroma,which could reflect its characteristics more comprehensively.The average particle size of the rice flour was 182.3μm after pre-gelatinization,and the contents of starch,fat,and protein decreased,soluble dietary fiber increased,GABA content hardly decreased compared with that after roasting,and B vitamin content slightly decreased.The low-temperature extrusion can effectively retain the nutrients of the embryo rice flour;the enthalpy of pasting was lower and the degree of pasting increased;the dispersion time was 6.64 s and the solubility was 20.17 g/100g,which significantly improved the brewing ability;the starch structure remained unchanged and no new groups or chemical bonds were produced.In conclusion,the pre-gelatinization treatment of roasting and low-temperature extrusion can retain the nutrients of the rice flour,increase the flavor and improve the flavor.(2)Under the conditions of fixed α-amylase addition of 900 U/g,β-amylase addition of 400 U/g,and enzymatic digestion temperature of 58℃ the effects of different enzymatic digestion times on the flavoring and short-range orderliness of the rice flour were investigated to obtain the optimal gelatinization-restricted enzymatic digestion process conditions,and the quality of the rice flour prepared under the optimal process conditions was studied.The results showed that the enzymatic conditions of the rice flour with α-amylase addition of 900 U/g,βamylase addition of 400 U/g,enzymatic digestion temperature of 58℃ and enzymatic digestion time of 15 min significantly reduced the agglomeration rate of the rice flour with 9.54%;solubility of 65.79 g/100 g;dispersion time was shortened from 12.8 s to 6.64 s;particle size was reduced to In conclusion,under the optimal enzymatic digestion process,the resulting rice flour with embryo retention has good brew ability,good digestibility,reduced viscosity,and is less susceptible to aging and regeneration.(3)Male KM mice were fed the basal diet,ordinary embryonic rice flour,and predextrinized-restricted enzymatic digestion of embryonic rice flour,and the effects of different types of rice flour on the growth performance,intestinal flora and intestinal contents of mice were investigated.The results showed that the growth performance of mice fed with predextrinized-restricted enzymatic digestion of germ-retained rice flour and regular germretained rice flour was better than that of the basal diet group,and the water content of feces and the content of short-chain fatty acids in cecum and colon were significantly higher than those of the basal diet group,and the pH values of cecum and colon were significantly lower than those of the basal diet group.Compared with the basal diet group,the feeding of germretained rice flour significantly increased the abundance of intestinal flora species in mice,with Firmicutes and Bacteroidetes as the dominant flora.The abundance of beneficial intestinal bacteria,such as Alistipes,Parabacteroides,and Ruminococcus,increased significantly.Combining the results of intestinal flora and intestinal contents tests,the increase of SCAFs in mice on pre-dextrinized-restricted enzymatic digestion of germ-retained rice flour and regular germ-retained rice flour diets occurred together with the increase of the abundance of the dominant flora,which further indicates that germ-retained rice flour helps to regulate the intestinal environment and thus increases the abundance of beneficial intestinal flora.However,from the perspective of rice flour for infants and young children,the pre-dextrinized-restricted enzymatic digestion and absorption of germ-retained rice flour in mice in this study is good and can be beneficial for infants and young children.