Simultaneous Detection And Risk Classification Of Pesticide And Auxin Residues In Bean Sprout

Bean sprouts are rich in nutrients and are important ingredients in the dietary structure of China.According to the provisions of the Food Safety Law of the People’s Republic of China,the Law of the People’s Republic of China on the Quality and Safety of Agricultural Products and other relevant laws,it is strictly prohibited to use any additives in the production of bean sprouts.However,in recent years,it is not uncommon to add plant growth hormone and pesticide in violation of regulations during the production of bean sprouts.Therefore,it is of great practical significance to carry out the corresponding additive detection on the bean sprouts sold in the market to ensure the health and safety of consumers.At present,there are few reports on the simultaneous detection of multiple plant growth hormone and pesticide residues in bean sprouts at home and abroad.In view of the possible abuse of multiple additives in the production process of bean sprouts,it is necessary to establish a method for the simultaneous detection of growth hormone and pesticide residues in bean sprouts.In this study,six auxin and five pesticides including carbendazim,phorate,carbofuran,omethoate and methomyl were selected as the monitoring and evaluation objects.A method for the simultaneous detection of growth hormone and pesticides by high-performance liquid chromatography tandem mass spectrometry was established,and samples were collected from different places in batches for detection and analysis,The hazard risk coefficient method is used to classify the risk and put forward relevant suggestions.The main conclusions are as follows:(1)Through optimizing the parameters of chromatography and mass spectrometry,the selection of extraction solvent,and the selection of purification agent,a method for the simultaneous determination of 11 pesticides and auxin in bean sprouts by using QuEChERS solid phase extraction purification method combined with ultra-high performance liquid chromatography-tandem triple quadrupole mass spectrometry in the positive and negative mode of ESI ion source was established.The results showed that the recoveries of 11 compounds were 81.24%～109.15%;The relative standard deviation(RSD)is 0.13～8.39%,and the linear relationship is good within the corresponding concentration range.The coefficients of determination R~2is above 0.999,and the detection limit of the method is 2.2μg/kg～3.3μg/kg,the quantitative limit of the method is 7.2～11.0μg/kg。After verification,the established method meets the requirements and can be used to detect pesticide and auxin residues in bean sprouts.(2)A total of 200 batches of bean sprout samples were determined by liquid chromatography tandem mass spectrometry.The results showed that sodium4-chlorophenoxyacetate and 6-benzyladenine were detected and exceeded the standard,and the detection rate of 6-benzyladenine was the highest,12.50%and 7.00%,respectively,indicating that illegal addition of 6-benzyladenine was common in the production of bean sprouts;The second is sodium 4-chlorophenoxyacetate,with the detection rate and the exceeding rate of 8.00%and 2.50%respectively;The detection rate of carbendazim was12.00%;The remaining 8 residual substances were not detected.At the same time,by comparing the detection rates of four different sampling sites,the results showed that mobile vendors detected the most batches,with the detection rate as high as 36.00%.The reason may be that some mobile vendors had weak legal awareness of food safety,which led to the illegal use or abuse of pesticides and auxin.It is suggested that the regulatory authorities should actively publicize the food safety knowledge and national laws and regulations related to food safety on the one hand,and increase the frequency of sampling inspection of bean sprouts on the market on the other hand.(3)The hazard risk coefficient method is used to grade the risk of the above sample detection results.The results show that the risk coefficient R of 6-benzyladenine and4-chlorophenoxyacetate is greater than 2.5,and the risk degree is high.From the perspective of different places,the order of the risk coefficient of sodium4-chlorophenoxyacetate from high to low is:mobile vendors>grocery stores=vegetable markets>large supermarkets;The order of the risk coefficient of 6-benzyladenine from high to low is:mobile vendors>snack stores>vegetable markets>large supermarkets,which means that mobile vendors have taken a lot of samples exceeding the standard.The regulatory authorities should strengthen the supervision of mobile vendors to ensure the safe production of bean sprouts.From the perspective of different types,the risk coefficients of sodium 4-chlorophenoxyacetate and 6-benzyladenine in soybean sprouts are higher than those in mung bean sprouts.The reason may be that the chlorophyll content in soybean sprouts is relatively low,the photosynthetic rate is slower than that of mung bean sprouts under the same conditions,the accumulation of organic matter is relatively small,the ability to grow for them is small,and the growth is slow,so manufacturers prefer to add drugs in soybean sprouts.