Research On Ecological Security Pattern Of Luanhe River Basin In Hebei Province Based On Ecological Network

With the continuous growth of population and the rapid development of social and economic construction,human existence has caused great damage to the ecosystem of river basin,restricting the sustainable development of social economy and ecological environment.The construction of ecological security pattern is an important way to ensure regional ecological security and maintain the stability of regional ecosystem.Therefore,this paper discusses how to construct the ecological security pattern of the Luanhe River Basin is of guiding and practical significance to the ecological environment of the basin and to promote the stable development of social economy,so that the ecological research of the Luanhe River Basin can obtain a new solution from a new Angle.At the same time,it can promote the development of ecological environment,culture and economy in the Luanhe River Basin,and provide a scientific and reasonable theoretical basis for the construction of ecological security pattern in the Luanhe River Basin.In this paper,ecological land use in the Luanhe River Basin of Hebei Province is taken as the research object,and software platforms such as Arc GIS10.8,Guidos Toolbox2.8 and Conefor2.6 are comprehensively used to construct ecological security pattern in the Luanhe River Basin of Hebei Province based on ecological network.The main conclusions are as follows:(1)The total ecological land area of the Luanhe River Basin in Hebei Province was 28,964.76 km2,accounting for 63.08% of the total area,among which the woodland,grassland and water area account for 37.35%,22.12% and 3.61%,respectively.Morphological spatial pattern analysis(MSPA)showed that the area of the Luanhe River Basin core area was 24,434.10 km2,accounting for 84.8% of the ecological land area,accounting for 54.1% of the total area of the study area.Among them,there were 57 giant patches covering 23,510.59 km2,accounting for only 2.78%.The patch area accounted for 95.77%,mainly distributed in Chengde City and northern and central areas of Qinhuangdao in the Luanhe River Basin,while the Tangshan area was only distributed in the northwestern and southern areas.The large and medium sized plaques were distributed around the Luanhe River Basin,and Chengde City,Zhangjiakou City and Qinhuangdao City were relatively concentrated,while Tangshan City was scattered in the middle of the region.Small patches are scattered throughout the Luanhe River Basin.(2)In the Luanhe River Basin,the number of forest patches in Tangshan was relatively small and the complexity of the edge shape was relatively low,which is subject to high human disturbance factors,while the complexity of the boundary shape of forest patches in Chengde was relatively high.Grassland patches in Chengde City area occupy a large area of the study area,and the number of patches was large and the edge shape was complex.There were more patches in Qinhuangdao City and the southern area of Tangshan City,and the patch density was higher.(3)Three core areas were identified,with a total area of 20,874.75 km2,accounting for 87.42% of the total area of the ecological source,and 54 important core areas,with an area of 2,198.54 km2,accounting for 9.21% of the total area of the ecological source.Generally,the number of core areas was the largest,up to 106 patches,but its area only accounts for 3.37% of the total area of ecological source.The core source patches were distributed in the northern and central areas of the study area.Near the core source patches,there were important core areas and general core area grade source patches.The general core area grade source patches were mostly distributed in the southern space of the study area.(4)The resistance surface of Zhangjiakou City in the northwest corner of the study area and the plain area of Tangshan and Qinhuangdao in the south was relatively high.The main reason was that these three areas were mainly cultivated land and urban transport network developed areas,the resistance coefficient was high;The resistance coefficient was low in the northern and central areas of the study area,which was mainly distributed in Chengde City and the northern area of Qinhuangdao City.Most of these areas were mountainous and mainly ecological land,so the resistance coefficient was low.The material circulation and species migration in the southern region were affected by the resistance distribution with high resistance coefficient in the southern region,resulting in poor connectivity.(5)439 corridors were identified,including 47 important corridors and 427 general corridors.The important corridors were mainly distributed in the southern part of the study area,Tangshan City and Qinhuangdao City.A total of 235 pinch points were extracted,including 101 in Tangshan,68 in Qinhuangdao,119 in Chengde and 47 in Zhangjiakou.Most of the ecological obstacle points were located at the junction of low resistance zone and high resistance zone and distributed in the edge of ecological source or ecological corridor.There were 354 ecological breakpoints,of which 117 were at railway crossings and 237 were at highway crossings.(6)Ecological patches with an area of 0.1-1km2 in the core area were selected as the newly added ecological source area to improve the structure of the ecological security network in the study area.A total of 215 ecological sources were added,with a total area of 69.1245km2.347 ecological corridors were identified.At the same time,suggestions and improvement measures for fault point restoration were put forward.A total of 79 key ecological nodes were screened,which were distributed in Zhangjiakou City,Tangshan City and Qinhuangdao City.