Synergistic System Based On Perfluorinated Branched Short Chain Fluorocarbon Surfactants And Its Application In Foam Extinguishing Agents

The traditional aqueous film-forming foam extinguishing agent（AFFF）played an important role in fighting liquid fires,but the environmental problems caused by it were also increasingly prominent.The key component of traditional AFFF was perfluorocarbon surfactant containing perfluorinated C8 segment,which was one of the most difficult to degrade organic pollutants in the world.In this paper,four perfluorobranchised short chain fluorocarbon surfactants with high surface activity and simple synthesis route were reported.The surface activity and aggregation behavior of the mixed solution of perfluorobranchised short chain fluorocarbon surfactant and hydrocarbon surfactant were studied by surface tension meter and transmission electron microscope（TEM）.At the same time,twelve kinds of environment-friendly AFFF formulations were designed with different hydrocarbon surfactants and synthetic fluorocarbon surfactants as foaming agents（F-1,F-2,F-3,F-4,F-5,F-6,F-7,F-8,F-9,F-10,F-11,F-12）.The foam performance test showed that F-1 exhibited excellent foam properties.The initial foam height h₀was 115.34 mm,the 25%drainage time was 182.4 s,the extinguishing time was 31 s,and the burn-back time was 720 s.F-5 showed excellent foam performance.The initial foam height h₀was 120 mm,the 25%drainage time was 240 s,the extinguishing time was 30 s,and the burn-back time was 760 s.F-9 showed excellent foam performance.The initial foam height h₀was 70 mm,the 25%drainage time was 315 s,the extinguishing time was 28 s,and the burn-back time was 720 s.F-10 showed excellent foam performance.The initial foam height h₀was 48 mm,the 25%drainage time was 240 s,the extinguishing time was 60 s,and the burn-back time was 610 s.This kind of fire extinguishing agent had the potential of fire protection application.