| As the increasingly severe climate problem has gradually become the focus of social attention at home and abroad,promoting economic transformation by means of emission reduction has become the main direction of social solutions to climate problems.In this context,China has put forward the "carbon peaking and carbon neutrality " goal in 2020,aiming to reduce the concentration of carbon dioxide in the air and promote the green and healthy transformation of the whole society.As one of the key industries concerned about carbon emissions,the shipping industry is also taking active actions to low-carbon transition,among which green technology are increasingly showing huge market potential.As a capital-intensive industry with a huge industrial chain,the shipping industry inevitably faces numerous risks and uncertainties in the process of energy conservation,emission reduction and green transformation.Therefore,reducing risks and losses is an important task in the green transformation and development of the shipping industry.As an effective tool to manage environmental risks in a market economy,the insurance industry can provide risk protection and service support in the real economy’s efforts to cope with extreme climate change,promote low-carbon,energy saving and emission reduction,and achieve green health transformation.To develop green shipping insurance products,namely the combination of "green + shipping + insurance",with green as the development goal,shipping as the industry support and insurance as the main power point,and to provide guarantee and support for the shipping industry in the green transformation process from the underwriting end.First of all,this paper takes the green shipping insurance series products of Taiping Property Insurance as the entry point,reviews the development of green shipping insurance products of Taiping Property Insurance,and divides the green shipping insurance products of Taiping Property Insurance into two categories.The first is the traditional green shipping insurance products represented by ship pollution liability insurance.The second is the innovative green shipping insurance products gradually derived from the green transformation process of the shipping industry.Based on the case of Taiping property Insurance,the paper analyzes the social impact and value of developing green shipping insurance products in three aspects: improving the anti-risk ability of shipping industry,cultivating new market growth points of insurance industry,and promoting the green and healthy development of society.On this basis,we try to estimate the market prospect of China’s green shipping insurance products,and it is estimated that the insured amount of China’s green shipping insurance will be about1.48-3.70 trillion yuan in 2030.Secondly,from the perspective of necessity,there is an obvious market gap in green shipping insurance from shipping end to insurance end.As the premise and basis for the development of green shipping insurance,the pressure of shipping industry transformation focuses on the risk of clean energy replacement technology in ship construction,the risk of environmental pollution liability in ship transportation,and the related risk in the construction of supporting infrastructure in the process of clean energy development.In contrast,the development of green shipping insurance is still in its initial stage,and the design and market expansion of risk protection products are progressing gradually.From the feasibility point of view,the green shipping insurance has the advantage in the political four dimensions.At the political level,different regulatory bodies of governments at all levels are actively promoting the continuous optimization of the policy environment;In terms of economy,China’s main shipping indicators rank among the top in the world,and its huge shipping market provides a strong market foundation for the development of green shipping insurance.At the social level,the main players of the insurance market are becoming more and more diversified,forming a shipping insurance market pattern with Shanghai,Guangdong,Hong Kong and Macao as the center and Qingdao,Ningbo,Dalian and other regions developing together.On the technical level,other insurance companies actively carry out product innovation to adapt to the ever-changing new situation.Thirdly,this paper focuses on analyzing the development of the green shipping insurance in our country.Due to the small market size and no complete public data,it mainly focuses on the quantitative description of shipping insurance and green shipping insurance and the qualitative description of green shipping insurance.From the underwriting side,the current premium income of China’s shipping insurance market is USD 3.58 billion in international statistics(2021)and RMB 19.23 billion in domestic statistics(2020),with a five-year compound growth rate of 3.41%.The insured amount of China’s green insurance market reached 18,326.3 billion yuan(2020),and the compensation amount was 21.357 billion yuan(2020).Both shipping insurance and green insurance have achieved rapid growth,while green shipping insurance is still in the initial stage compared with the above two products.In terms of classification,the traditional green shipping insurance,which mainly covers pollution liability insurance of ships,is mainly distributed in the eastern coastal areas and areas along inland rivers.Some insurance companies have a market size of nearly 2 billion yuan.Innovative green shipping insurance is mainly carried out by a few insurance companies and has not formed a large-scale market.Finally,this paper draws on the development experience of the Poseidon Principle of Marine Insurance in promoting the green transformation of the global shipping industry and the influence of the reform principle on our country.Based on the above research findings,the paper puts forward the improvement plan of shipping insurance products.For traditional insurance products,adjust the product structure and premium rate to promote healthy market competition;For innovative insurance products,expand product development from the perspectives of energy,technology and liability to meet the market demand;And to promote the development of green shipping insurance,we should promote the reform of insurance itself,strengthen the top-level design,and make joint efforts from talents,policies,laws and other aspects. |
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