Spatial-Temporal Differentiation And Coupling Coordination Of Ecological Efficiency And Tourism Efficiency In The Yangtze River Economic Belt

The Yangtze River Economic Belt is the core area of my country’s economic development,and it is also a key area of ecological barriers.As tourism has gradually become one of the national pillar industries,the importance of ecological protection,low-carbon economy and tourism development has become increasingly prominent.With the introduction of high-quality development and new development concepts,scientific evaluation of development quality and coordination has become the focus of attention of enterprises and academia.This paper takes the 11 provinces and cities of the Yangtze River Economic Belt as the research object,takes efficiency evaluation as the pivot,and combines the concept of systematic coordinated development to study the spatial-temporal differentiation and coupling coordination of ecological efficiency and tourism efficiency in 11 provinces and cities in the Yangtze River Economic Belt from 2010 to 2019.It has important research significance for comprehensively promoting the development of the Yangtze River Economic Belt and implementing high-quality development and new development concepts.Based on the super-efficiency SBM model,Malmquist index analysis,Arc GIS Tools,coupling coordination degree model,statistical index analysis and other model methods,this paper scientifically evaluates the development quality and influencing factors of the ecological economic system and tourism economic system of the Yangtze River Economic Belt.Combined with the coupling coordination degree,analyze the influencing factors of the coordinated development of the system.The conclusions of this study are as follows:(1)Reveal the temporal and spatial evolution characteristics,influencing factors and relative lag factors of ecological efficiency and tourism efficiency in each province and city of the Yangtze River Economic Belt.In terms of ecological efficiency,from the law of temporal and spatial evolution,the ecological efficiency of the Yangtze River Economic Belt has shown an upward trend,but the regional differences are large,and the provinces and cities with high efficiency are concentrated in the upstream and downstream regions.Judging from the changing laws of provinces and cities,most of the ecological efficiency of the Yangtze River Economic Belt shows a trend of growth and stable development.From the perspective of spatial distribution,the spatial distribution of ecological efficiency in the Yangtze River Economic Belt basically presents the characteristics of aggregation and stability.The main reasons for restricting the ecological efficiency include the inputoutput structure and the speed of economic development.From the decomposition of Malmquist index,the total factor productivity of eco-efficiency is mainly affected by the efficiency of technological progress,and the technical efficiency is mainly affected by the pure technical efficiency.In terms of tourism efficiency,from the perspective of time evolution,the overall development of tourism efficiency is relatively good,and the number of effective efficiency is far greater than the number of ineffective efficiency,but there is an imbalance in the development of river basins and provinces and cities.From the perspective of spatial distribution,tourism efficiency shows relative volatility and stability.The main factors restricting tourism efficiency include the degree of standardization of the tourism market and the level of tourism facilities.From the decomposition of Malmquist index,the total factor productivity of tourism efficiency is mainly affected by the efficiency of technological progress,and the technical efficiency is mainly affected by the efficiency of scale,especially in Yunnan Province,there is a large room for improvement of tourism efficiency.From the perspective of systematic evaluation,the ecological lag types include Anhui,Jiangxi,Hubei,Hunan,Chongqing,Sichuan,and Guizhou provinces,and the tourism lag types include Shanghai,Jiangsu,Zhejiang,and Yunnan.(2)From a systematic perspective,summarize the coupling and coordinated development laws and influencing factors of the Yangtze River Economic Belt,including potential breakthrough points for high-level coupling and coordination.On the whole,the coupling degree of the Yangtze River Economic Belt is in an "antagonistic period",and the system interaction is gradually strengthened.The development trend of the coupling and coordination degree of the Yangtze River Economic Belt is good.From the results of regional mean data collation,it can be seen that the proportion of the coordination stage in the regional mean is large.The fluctuation range of the coupling coordination degree in the annual mean is small,and they are all in the coordination stage.In the classification evaluation of coupling coordination degree,the proportion of coupling coordination types is relatively stable,especially the intermediate coordination and good coordination,which is basically stable at 27.3%.According to the relative lag situation of the overall development of the system,the development gap of subsystems in each province and city is small,and most of them are basically synchronized,and when the system development gap is larger,the relative lag situation is worse.From the perspective of watersheds,the coupling coordination degree of different provinces and cities is quite different.The stratification of the coupling coordination degree of upstream provinces and cities is obvious,and the regional coordination gap is very different.Guizhou Province has the highest degree of coupling coordination,which belongs to good coordination.During the study period,Chongqing City basically maintained stable and intermediate-level coordinated development.The coupling coordination degree of Sichuan Province and Yunnan Province is relatively low;The coupling coordination degree of the middle reaches of the provinces and cities is relatively low,basically in the reluctance coordination and primary coordination.The degree of coupling coordination in Hubei Province is relatively low.The coupling coordination degree of Hunan Province basically showed a "V"-shaped growth,and the coupling coordination degree of Jiangxi Province was concentrated in the primary coordination range;The coupling coordination degree of downstream provinces and cities was quite different,and the coupling coordination degree of Jiangsu Province belonged to the good coordination type of ecological lag type.The coupling coordination degree in Shanghai shows an increasing trend,and coupling coordination basically belongs to good coordination.The coupling coordination degree curve of Zhejiang Province has experienced two stages of "U" shape and steady growth.The coupling coordination degree in Anhui Province is relatively low,basically around 0.6(primary coordination).According to the temporal and spatial evolution of the coupling coordination degree of provinces and cities in different basins of the Yangtze River Economic Belt,it is found that the high-level coupling coordination degree is mainly concentrated in the upstream and downstream provinces and cities.The coupling coordination degree is mainly related to the development status of the provinces and cities,and the development level of the ecological economic system and the tourism economic system.The coupling coordination degree is higher when the system develops well and the gap is small.(3)According to the actual situation of the ecological economy and tourism economic system of the Yangtze River Economic Belt and the constraints of high-level coupling coordination,put forward relevant policy suggestions on the basis of subsystem optimization and overall balanced development.Promote the optimization of subsystems and improve the support level of coordinated development.Including: improving the level of economic development and optimizing the industrial structure,promoting technological innovation and improving the efficiency of technological progress,strengthening environmental regulation and taking the road of sustainable development.Promote the balanced development of the system and promote the overall coordinated development.Including: implementing macro-control and implementing new development concepts;promoting regional linkages and realizing resource complementarity.